专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷119(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷119 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION

SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.

听力原文： Journey in Catastrophes: Three Forms of Violent Storms Good morning. Today’s lecture will continue our journey in catastrophes. In this session, we are going to have a brief look at three forms of violent storms: tornadoes, waterspouts and hurricanes. As we know, sometimes winds move in violent storms which do a great deal of damage and are so strong that they are terrifying. These storms happen when a mass of hot air meets a mass of cold air. Winds are measured by the speed at which they travel. They are called gales when they are strong enough to uproot trees and blow down chimneys, and at sea to whip up high waves with long crests that curl over and break in great patches of foam. Thunderstorms happen when hot, damp air rises from the ground and meets cold air. As it mixes with colder air, there are very violent up currents and down currents and swirling eddies of air, and great clouds foam. The lightning flashes when accompanying thunderstorms are enormous sparks caused by electric changes in the air. They have such great heat that the air they touch expands violently, making the sound we call thunder. Gales and thunderstorms happen all over the world. Tornadoes, waterspouts and hurricanes happen only in certain areas. Tornadoes happen in the tropics over land, especially over the southern states of USA and also over southern-eastern Australia and north-west India. A tornado is a very violent windstorm, in which the air whirls rapidly upward in a grayish funnel-shaped cloud, with its tip near the ground. It twists and sways in the sky like a diving thing and moves in a straight line over the countryside at about 6 to 30 miles per hour. No one knows exactly what starts a tornado, but it certainly happens when extremely hot, moist air meets cold, dry air. When two kinds of air try to pass each other, they get locked together, and the hot air spirals upward more and more quickly until it may be whirling round at between 400 and 500 meters per hour. Tornado season is generally March through August, although tornadoes can occur at any time of year. They tend to occur in the afternoons and evenings: over 80 percent of all tornadoes strike between noon and midnight. Tornadoes do a vast amount of damage, even though they seldom last for more than an hour or two. The speed of the whirling air makes quite small things such as grains of sand into dangerous weapons. Once in America a corn cob picked up by a tornado was shot through a horse’s skull

and killed the horse. The hot air spiraling upward sucks everything in its path, rather as a vacuum cleaner does. Tornadoes have been known to tear steel bridges from their foundations, to uproot large trees, and to lift trains off their lines. People and animals have been lifted and carried some distances: a horse, for example, was once picked up, carried 2 miles, and put down again unhurt. A waterspout is a tornado that happens over sea. The whirling air sucks up water, and the waterspout moves along with a hissing, roaring, crashing noise. Sometimes tiny fishes are caught up, and their scales make the whirling column sparkle. When a waterspout passes from sea to land it becomes a tornado. Hurricanes are even more terrible than tornadoes. Nowhere are they more terrible and more frequent than in the West India, and the name “hurricane” comes from the name of the West Indian god of storms, Hunraken. They are called tropical cyclones in India, typhoons in China and Japan, and willy-willies in northern Australia. Hurricanes begin over tropical oceans in late summer. August and September are peak months during the hurricane season that lasts from June 1 through November 30. Hot, moist air rises as if in a chimney, perhaps over a tropical islet. It gets pulled by the turning of the Earth into a whirling movement, faster and faster until it is like an enormous thick gramophone record of air whirling madly round as it moves across the sea at between 12 and 24 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral around a relative calm center known as the “eye”. The “eye” is generally 20 to 30 miles wide, and the storm may extend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane approaches, the skies will begin to darken and winds will grow in strength. As a hurricane nears land, it can bring torrential rains, high winds, and storm surges. Many hurricanes never reach land but die out over the tropical oceans, having perhaps moved as much as 1800 miles during their life of 9 to 25 days. Those that reach land die swiftly, for they need the heat and moisture of ocean air. But before dying they cause terrible destruction. They flatten trees and buildings, flood everything with the torrential rain they bring with them, and sometimes create enormous waves which sweep inland over sea walls and harbors. In a terrible typhoon in Japan in 1934, over 4000 people were killed and ships were lifted over sea walls into the streets. Hurricanes are given names, always feminine ones such as Besty or Alice. The first of the season is given a name beginning with A, the second with B, and so on. Hurricanes in some years have reached Janey or Katy. OK, that is all for this session. Thank you!

Journey in Catastrophes: Three Forms of Violent Storms I. Winds and stormsA. Winds’ moving in violent storms— bringing about a great deal of【T1】______【T1】______— being so strong that is terrifyingB. Storms’ occurring: the【T2】______ of massive hot air and cold air【T2】______— gales: strong enough to uproot trees and blow down chimneys, etc.— thunderstorms: hot enough to expand the air to【T3】______【T3】______C. Gales and thunderstorms: happening all over the worldD. Tornadoes, waterspouts and hurricanes: happening only【T4】______【T4】______II. TornadoA. Basic knowledge— a very violent wind-storm in the【T5】______ over land【T5】______— cause: gathering of【T6】______ hot, moist air and cold, dry air【T6】______— season: generally March through August— time of occurrence:【T7】______【T7】______B. Damage of a tornado— making【T8】______ things

into dangerous weapons【T8】______— sucking everything in【T9】______【T9】______— tearing,【T10】______ things【T10】______III. WaterspoutA. A tornado that happens【T11】______【T11】______B. Sucking up water IV. HurricaneA Basic information— other names: tropical cyclones,【T12】______, and willy-willies【T12】______— beginning over tropical oceans in late summer— speed: between 12 and 24 miles per hour— blowing in a large spiral around a relative calm center,known as the【T13】______: generally 20 to 30 miles wide【T13】______— the storm: likely to extend outward 400 miles B. Damages— bringing【T14】______, high winds, and storm surges【T14】______— flattening trees and buildings— flooding everything with the torrential rain— sometimes sweeping inland over sea walls and【T15】______【T15】______

1． 【T1】

正确答案：damage／／harm／／loss

解析：录音材料提到，风在风暴中的移动带来极大的危害(damage)，由此可知答案为damage，或其同义词harm或loss。 知识模块：听力填空

2． 【T2】

正确答案：meeting／／gathering

解析：讲座提到了风暴的形成原理，即“大量热空气和冷空气相遇形成了风暴”，结合题目可知答案为meeting／／gathering。 知识模块：听力填空

3． 【T3】

正确答案：make thunder

解析：此处考查雷暴的情况。讲座提到，极热的空气碰撞，发出的声音我们称之为雷声。由空格前的to提示这里是不定式结构，故用make thunder表达。 知识模块：听力填空

4． 【T4】

正确答案：in certain areas／／in some areas

解析：此题说的是3种风暴的共性，录音提到，龙卷风、海龙卷和飓风都只在一定区域发生，因此答案为in certain areas或in some areas。若笔记没有记录，可根据下文推测，录音原文分别提到Tornadoes happen in the tropics over land、A waterspout is a tornado that happens over sea．以及Hurricanes begin over tropical oceans…，由此可知这3种风暴的发生不是在全世界范围，而只是在某个特定的区域。 知识模块：听力填空

5． 【T5】

正确答案：tropics

解析：讲座提到，龙卷风发生在热带陆地，填入录音原词tropics即可。 知识模块：听力填空

6． 【T6】

正确答案：extremely

解析：录音原文提到龙卷风的成因，即“当极热、潮湿的空气遇到寒冷、干燥的空气就会形成龙卷风”。可知答案为extremely。若此处笔记没有记录，根据录音内容可知这3种风暴都是极端气候现象，由此可推测出答案。 知识模块：听力填空

7． 【T7】

正确答案：afternoons and evenings 解析：此题询问龙卷风发生的时间。讲座谈到，他们通常发生在下午和傍晚。填afternoons and evenings。 知识模块：听力填空

8． 【T8】

正确答案：quite small

解析：此题讲述的是龙卷风的危害。录音材料提到，气旋的速度会让很小的(quite small)事物诸如细小的沙粒成为危险的武器，结合题目可知答案为quite small。 知识模块：听力填空

9． 【T9】

正确答案：its path

解析：在谈论龙卷风的危害时，讲座提到，上旋的热气能将一路经过的所有东西都吸走。填入录音原词its path。 知识模块：听力填空

10． 【T10】

正确答案：uprooting and lifting

解析：此题仍是讲龙卷风的危害。录音中提到Tornadoes have been known to tear steel bridges…，to uproot large trees，and to lift trains off their lines，包含3个动词tear,uproot,lift，题目给出的是动名词tearing，答案为uprooting and lifting。听音时要记下关键动词。 知识模块：听力填空

11． 【T11】

正确答案：over sea

解析：此题讲述的是第二种风暴waterspout。录音中提到“海龙卷是在海域发生的龙卷风”，因此答案为over sea。注意答案是over sea，切不可因为粗心大

意而写成overseas，笔记时应注意这一点。 知识模块：听力填空

12． 【T12】

正确答案：typhoons 解析：录音材料提到，“飓风在印度被叫做热带气旋(tropical cyclones)，在中国和日本被叫做台风(typhoons)，在澳大利亚北部被叫做大旋风(willy-willies)”，由此可知答案为typhoons。 知识模块：听力填空

13． 【T13】

正确答案：eye 解析：录音原文提到，“风眼”一般有20英里到30英里宽，可知答案为eye。 知识模块：听力填空

14． 【T14】

正确答案：torrential rains

解析：讲到飓风的损害时，讲座提到，随着飓风接近陆地，它会带来暴雨、狂风和巨浪。题目已经给出了狂风和巨浪，因此填入表述暴雨的torrential rains。 知识模块：听力填空

15． 【T15】

正确答案：harbors

解析：讲座最后提到了飓风的危害。录音原文提到…create enormous waves which sweep inland over sea walls and harbors，结合题目可知答案为harbors。 知识模块：听力填空

听力原文： Why We Don’t Like English Classes Good afternoon. Welcome to attend today’s lecture on why we don’t like English classes. It’s well known that English classes are the most popular way in which people study English. They are so amazingly popular that most people do not even think about how to learn English. The process is automatic: I want to learn English, so I sign up for an English course. I will pay some money, sit in class for a few hours a week, and_I will get good English. This is very surprising, because English classes are a very poor way of learning English. We have spent a large part of our lives in English classes and we know what they are like. With all our knowledge of English classes and courses, we would be surprised if we met a person who has learned to speak English very well by going to English classes. If you attend English classes, you spend many hours a week on them. Often, you also spend lots of your money. What do you get for your time and money? Here is what you can do at an English class: Listen to some bad English. The pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary of other students will be bad. Surely listening to these people will not make your English better. Say five

sentences in English. There are usually 10-20 students in the class, so there is little time for you to speak English. Normal English classes are very poor speaking practice. Read a boring textbook. Almost all English teachers use textbooks. Want to know why? Because it makes their work easier. They don’t have to prepare for every class. They just do the next unit in the book. Textbooks make teaching easy. And they make learning boring and ineffective. You have to read stupid stories about Michael Jackson or a woman who lived in the African jungle for two years. Then you have to answer questions about them and talk about them with other students. This is madness! All this nonsense that you don’t care about makes you think that learning English is boring. Listen to a few grammar rules, such as “the present continuous tense is used for talking about developing and changing situations”. Learning grammar rules is the stupidest thing you can do. Here are the two main reasons. First, it is impossible to memorize all those hundreds of grammar rules anyway. And second, when speaking English, you don’t have time to think: “What tense should I use? Let’s see... I want to present the idea of action continuing up to the present time, so I should use the present perfect tense.” You want to use your English naturally. Grammar rules may improve your scores in tests, but they do not improve your English. Do some grammar exercises. After talking about grammar rules, teachers usually give you some exercises, such as multiple choice or gap filling tests. Grammar exercises have two functions: one, they make you repeat the grammar rules: two, they test your English. The first function is useless because grammar rules are useless. The second function, testing, is okay if you want to compare your knowledge with other people. But testing does not teach you any English. Get a homework assignment. The homework is usually a grammar exercise or a composition. The subject of the composition will usually be something that you don’t care about. Doing boring things is not going to help your English. It will only decrease your motivation. In addition, English classes will not teach you good pronunciation. Most teachers completely ignore it, sometimes because their own pronunciation is bad. Some teachers will correct your mistakes when you speak. But very few teachers will tell you how you can avoid making the same mistakes again. Very few teachers will tell you about the sounds of English and how to use a dictionary to learn about the pronunciation of words. Most teachers will not encourage you to read in English, to buy a good English-English dictionary, to listen to English-language recordings. They will just do their textbook and the exercises in it. If your teacher is different, you are lucky. This is what most English classes look like. Think about your classes. If they are like that—boring and ineffective—then you are simply wasting your time. Don’t worry: you are not alone. Millions of people around the world waste their time by going to English classes. To solve these problems, you can replace ineffective and boring classes with interesting things which will really improve your English: Instead of listening to bad English in the classroom, turn on your TV and watch CNN International or another English-language channel. You will get lots of perfect sentences in excellent English. Instead of sitting for two hours to say five sentences in English, sign up for a conversation class with a native speaker. Or start speaking English with your best friend. Instead of working with a boring textbook,

read something interesting. There are so many interesting texts in English! Surf to English-language sites on the Web. Read a good book in English. Simply, read something that interests you. Something that won’t bore you to death. Instead of memorizing grammar rules and doing grammar exercises, read and listen to English. Input is the only way to learn impressive, natural English. Instead of writing compositions about the subject that your teacher gave you, write about something that you care about. For example, write some e-mail in English. Don’t write for your teacher—write for yourself! To summarize, we’ve covered some reasons to explain why students don’t like English classes and provide you with specific solutions. Hope these suggestions will be of great help to you. Thank you.

Why We Don’t Like English Classes I. People’s【T1】______ of how to learn English【T1】______A. Preconception: intention—registration—paying—attending classes:then one will get【T2】______【T2】______B. Actually, classes are a(n)【T3】______way of learning English【T3】______II. Things students can do at an English classA lot of【T4】______ are spent when attending English classes【T4】______A Listening to bad English from peersB. Having the poor【T5】______【T5】______C. Reading a boring textbook— textbook makes【T6】______ easier【T6】______— but makes learning boringD. Learning stupid grammar rules—【T7】______ of so many grammar rules is impossible【T7】______— the practice of them in speaking is also impossible— as a result, test score may be improved but【T8】______【T8】______E. Doing useless【T9】______【T9】______— reviewing the useless grammar rules— testing English but not teaching any EnglishF. Getting boring homework【T10】______【T10】______— usually a grammar exercise or a composition— usually you don’t care about the subject of the compositionG.【T11】______ can’t be gained【T11】______— this fact is ignored by teachers— how to avoid making【T12】______ is seldom taught【T12】______— how to pronounce or use dictionary to learn about word pronunciation is seldom taughtIII.【T13】______ to replace boring classes with interesting things【T13】______A. Watching International or English-language channelB. Attending【T14】______ or speaking English with friends【T14】______C. Reading interesting texts and booksD. Reading and listening to English: increasing the【T15】______【T15】______E. Writing compositions for yourself instead of teachers

16． 【T1】

正确答案：misunderstanding

解析：讲座一开始就谈到，很多人根本没有去想要怎么学英语。根据空格前的People’s和空格后的of…判断这里填入名词，故用misunderstanding一词概括。 知识模块：听力填空

17． 【T2】

正确答案：good English

解析：讲座提到，人们遵照一定的流程，就以为自己会学好英语。填入录音原词good English即可。 知识模块：听力填空

18． 【T3】

正确答案：poor／／ineffective

解析：讲座的主题是“why we don’t like English classes(人们不喜欢英语课的原因)”，提到英语课是人们学习英语最广泛的方式，它实际上是最无趣和无效的，讲座人认为“英语课堂是一种非常糟糕(poor)的学习方式”，可知答案为poor或ineffective。 知识模块：听力填空

19． 【T4】

正确答案：time and money

解析：录音材料提到“如果你参加英语课堂，你每周要花上数小时去上课。此外，你还要花很多钱”，根据题目后半部分的内容可知此处答案为time and money。 知识模块：听力填空

20． 【T5】

正确答案：speaking practice／／speaking training／／speaking opportunity 解析：此题涉及列举的第二个方面，具体说明在英语课上say five sentences in English的原因。录音中提到，一般的英语课都不重视口语训练(speaking practice)，经过推理可知答案为speaking practice或speaking training或speaking opportunity。 知识模块：听力填空

21． 【T6】

正确答案：teaching／／teachers’work

解析：此题具体说明在英语课上read a boring textbook的情况。录音中提到“因为教科书减轻了教师的工作负担”，由此可知答案为teaching或teachers’work。 知识模块：听力填空

22． 【T7】

正确答案：memorization／／recitation

解析：此题关于英语课上listen to a few grammar rules的情况，用两个理由解释说明学习语法规则是最愚蠢的，第一个理由是“要想把这上百条的语法全记住(memorize)是不可能的”，题目要求填入名词，由此可知答案为memorization，或近义词recitation。 知识模块：听力填空

23． 【T8】

正确答案：not English

解析：在谈到学习愚蠢的语法方面，演讲人说语法能提高你的考试分数，但没法提高你的英语水平。空格前已经有了转折词but，填入not English即可。 知识模块：听力填空

24． 【T9】

正确答案：grammar exercises

解析：此题涉及列举的第五个方面，在英语课上do grammar exercises的缺陷，根据录音Do some grammar exercises…．可知答案为grammar exercises。 知识模块：听力填空

25． 【T10】

正确答案：assignment／／task

解析：此题和前几题并列，列举在英语课上获得的homework assignment。根据录音Get a homework assignment．可知答案。 知识模块：听力填空

26． 【T11】

正确答案：Good pronunciation

解析：此题涉及列举的最后一个方面，即英语课教不会好的发音。空格后已经出现了can’t be gained，故填入Good pronunciation，注意题目设置规律，首字母要大写。 知识模块：听力填空

27． 【T12】

正确答案：the same mistakes 解析：此题指出英语课不能教给学生正确的发音，并给出原因解释，原文“但很少会有老师告诉你如何避免再次犯同样的错误(the same mistakes)”，可知答案为the same mistakes。 知识模块：听力填空

28． 【T13】

正确答案：Solutions／／Methods

解析：此题转换话题，开始谈论如何应对无趣无效的英语课堂，提供了几种解决办法。录音原文说“要解决(solve)这些问题，我们可以采取一些有趣的事情来替换这些乏味的英语课”。空白处需填入可与to搭配的名词，因此须把动词solve转化为名词solution，也可填近义词Methods。此外，还应考虑名词的单复数形式和首字母要大写。 知识模块：听力填空

29． 【T14】

正确答案：conversation classes∥a conversation class

解析：讲座提到，与其坐两个小时说五句英语，不如参加一个与英语国家交

流的谈话班。填入conversation classes即可。 知识模块：听力填空

30． 【T15】

正确答案：input∥amount of input／／quantity of input

解析：此题具体谈论解决方法read and listen to English.录音原文Input is the only way to learn impressive，natural English，联系到题目，可知答案为input。 知识模块：听力填空