How to write a composition ? (高三英语写作课教案)
张家港市后塍高级中学（南校区） 魏燕萍
教学目的：教会学生用英语准确表达表格中涉及的要点。
教学重点：引导学生根据表格中的中文要点，由词成句，由句成文。最后适当使用连接词，组句成篇，实现用词准
确，行文流畅。
教学辅助手段：电脑（或实物投影仪） 教学方法：讨论法 教学步骤：
一、介绍书面表达六步法(Introduction) 1.仔细审题,确立主题,明确要求. 2.围绕主题,提炼要点,编拟提纲. 二、呈现学生得分情况(Presentation)
反映出学生得分差距，引起学生共鸣：希望在作文上获得提高。 三、讨论 (Discussion)
1．写作人称为第三人称和第一人称,词数150词左右,时态一般现在时. 2．明确要点，确定核心词、词组、句型。
(要点“你的看法”：鼓励学生畅所欲言，激起课堂高潮。) 四、呈现(Presentation)
1. 高考英语写作关键：A.学会使用较高级词汇。B.学会使用较丰富的句式。C．学会使用恰当的连接词。 2．呈现学生作文中出现的典型句子。要求学生用高级词汇、高级句型进行改写，加以完善。 3. 展示挖空后的范文,要求学生填入适当的关联词，并指出范文中的精彩之处。
五、反馈 (Feedback)
1．学生修改作文，互查互改错误。
2. 教师总结。首先，针对文中学生未找出或改对的错误，帮助学生一起改正。其次，对文中的错误之处进行分类（如：名词复数、动词时态、介词等），引起学生的重视。
六、提高书面表达建议：(Suggestions) 1．准确记忆单词
2．掌握足够的语言知识点，如构词法，语法知识等 3．经常进行写作练习 4．适当背诵作文参考答案 5．大量阅读
七、作业 (Assignment)
发给学生另一篇体裁相似的书面表达材料，要求学生根据本课所学思路独力完成。 Teaching plan
Topic: writing a composition Teaching Aims:
According to the form, teach students how to write a composition using the effective sentences. Train ⑤Combining the sentences into a passage ⑥Copying normally Step 2:Showing results:
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3.分析要点及提纲,提炼关键单词和短语 4.恰当使用句型,连词成句 5.恰当使用连接词,组句成篇 6.规范誊写
the students’ writing ability. Teaching Important Points:
1.Improve the students’ writing ability. 2. Teach the students how to get the key words and how to use effective sentences to complete a coherent composition. Teaching Methods:
Discussion, Presentation Teaching Aids: 1.the multimedia 2.the blackboard Teaching Procedures:
Step 1:Introduction of the basic elements Six steps to write a composition ① Analyzing the task
②Finding out the main points ③Thinking of key points/phrases ④Forming sentences
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Five levels:
level 1 21-24: 2 people (excellent)
level 2 16-20: 15 people (Above average) level 3 11-15: 21 people (average level) level 4 6-10: (below average) level 5 1-5:
ask: As you can see, only 5 students in our class got a mark above 18. Are you satisfied with this result?(Ss: No. )Do you want to make some improvements?(Ss: Yes.) Say: OK, now let’s analyze the composition together. Step 3 Discussing the composition
Present the writing materials to the class, ask students to do some brainstorming:
目前，许多学校对学生采取封闭式管理，学生对此看法不一。请根据下表所提供的信息，写一篇短文，谈谈自己的看法。（字数：150左右） 有的同学认为 1． 2． 3． 学校限制我们的自由； 学生和社会接触少； 学生的兴趣和爱好得不能得到充分的发展。因此… 有的同学认为 1． 2． 3． 学校是学习知识的地方； 学生应该安心在学校里学习； 学生缺乏自觉性，离开了老师，可能会… 你的看法：…. ① Analyzing the task:
写作人称为第三人称和第一人称,词数150词左右,时态一般现在时.
②Finding out the main points 第一段:有的同学认为: 1.学校限制我们的自由. 2.学生和社会接触少.
3.学生的兴趣和爱好得不到充分的发展.因此… ③Thinking of key points/phrases :
1.Let the students work in groups of four to get the key words of each point orally.
2. Ask several students to report their answers to the rest of the class. Present these key words and phrases to the whole class. (Point 7&8 is flexible, encourage students to express whatever they want to say freely. If they can’, Chinese is also allowed. Then help them to translate what they say into English.) 要点序号 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Limit freedom Have little chance to get in touch with Interests and hobbies/ fully developed The best place to get knowledge Put one’s heart into Lack the ability to control / affect It is ….to keep students at school / (dis)agree to 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
第二段:有的同学认为: 4.学校是学习知识的地方. 5.学生应该安心在学校里学习.
6.学生缺乏自觉性,离开了老师,可能会…. 第三段:你的看法: 7.呈现观点:赞成哪一方? 8.说明理由/提出措施
关键单词和短语 仅供学习与交流
8. Organize various activities /develop . ④Forming sentences (pay attention to the use of conjunction)
Ask students to say sentences one by one according to the points given. Step 4 Presentation
1. Three keys to improving your composition: A. learn to use superior phrases. B. learn to use abundant sentences. C. learn to use suitable conjunction.
逻辑角度 时间顺序 空间顺序 合适的过渡性词汇 first, then, finally/at last , soon after, immediately, suddenly, next here, there, on one side…on the other side, in front of, at the back of, next to 并列关系 转折关系 and, as well as, also but, however, yet, instead, though, otherwise, despite, on the contrary, in spite of 因果关系 条件关系 对比关系 递进关系 because, since, as, thanks to, as a result, thus, owing to, due to as long as, so long as, on condition that, if, unless similarly, like, unlike, on the contrary, on the other hand, Besides, in addition, moreover, what’s more, furthermore, what’s worse, to make matter worse 举例 让步关系 for example, for instance, such as, in other words, that is to say though, as, even if/though, whether, who/where/what/when+ever 总结归纳 in general, generally speaking, above all, after all, in short, in a word, in brief, in conclusion, all in all 过渡性 插入语 I think, I’m afraid, you know, as we all know, as far as I know, in my opinion, personally 2.Change sentences:(Present some typical sentences written by the students to the class. Ask students to use superior phrases or sentences to change the sentences)
⑴. In addition, students don’t have the ability to control themselves.
→In addition , students lack the ability to control themselves. /In addition, students can’t manage themselves well due to a lack of self-control. ⑵ They may play computer games and forget to study.
→They may spend much time playing computer games instead of studying. /They may get addicted to playing computer games instead of studying hard. ⑶ In school we should study hard.
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→ In school we should concentrate on/be absorbed in /devote our body and soul to studies. ⑷ Keep students in school all day are bad for students. →It’s bad to keep students at school all day.
⑸School is the best place to get a lot of knowledge, students should put their heart into their studies in school.
→School is the best place to get a lot of knowledge so that students should put their heart into their studies in school.
⑹Some students can’t behave themselves well but for teachers remind us.
→Some students couldn’t have behaved themselves well but for/without teachers’ help ./Some students can’t behave themselves well unless teachers remind us to do so .
⑺Some students leave the school may do something unrelated to their studies. →Once they leave school, they may do something unrelated to their studies. ⑻We can only enjoy ourselves when we have school holidays.. →Only when schools break up can we enjoy ourselves.
3.Fill in the blanks: Present the model one (without some conjunction )to the whole class, ask students to fill in suitable conjunction ,
Nowadays a lot of schools keep their students in school all day long. Students have different opinions about it.
Some of the students think they enjoy less freedom , and have little chance to get in touch with society .They are not able to fully develop their interests and hobbies ,______they have less interest in their studies.
Some other think school is the best place to get knowledge _________they should put their heart into their studies.________, Some students lack the ability to control themselves ._______out of school, they may lose control of themselves and do something that will affect their studies.
_________, it is necessary to keep students at school .________at the same time schools should organize various activities ______ students can enjoy their school life. Step 5. Feedback
1. Let the students work in groups to correct each other’s composition and try to find out as many mistakes as they can.
2. Classify the typical mistakes. Step 6. Suggestions:
1 remember as many words and phrases as you can . 2．Have a good knowledge of language points. 3．Practise more
4．Recite good passages regularly. 5．Do a lot of reading Step 7. Assignment
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语文ⅱ苏版第四专题(林黛玉进贾府)教案
曹雪芹
【教学过程】 一、导语设计
许多不朽旳文学作品往往会以各种形式出现在人们面前.像《三国演义》就曾被搬上舞台、搬上荧屏.而最受人们欢迎旳、被演绎旳形式最多旳恐怕要数《红楼梦》了，有京剧、越剧、婺剧、电影、电视剧等.那么，今天我们就一起来学习节选自《红楼梦》第三回旳《林黛玉进贾府》，走进贾府这个封建大家庭，走近黛玉，走近宝玉，走近贾府形形色色旳人物. 二、人物形象赏析
【补充】塑造人物旳方法.正面描写（肖像、神态、语言、心理、动作）；侧面衬托. (一)分析林黛玉旳形象.
1、小说通过林黛玉旳眼睛让我们看到了贾府各色人等.同时也通过贾府众生旳眼睛让我们看到了林妹妹.找出描写林黛玉外貌旳句子并加以分析.
[明确] (1)众人眼里旳黛玉——→病弱不足
(2)王熙凤眼里旳黛玉——→标致不凡
(3)宝玉眼里旳黛玉——→弱不禁风、多愁善感病美人（眉毛和眼睛）
注：古人重眉眼，画人物重画眼睛，传神旳表达.黛玉旳眉眼是独一无二旳.黛玉之美在于气质.可联系西施（西施病心而颦）和卓文君（眉色如望远山）.
2、除了外貌之外，作者同时通过哪些描写让我们更立体地认识黛玉呢？ [明确]心理、语言、动作.
3、黛玉进贾府,为什么要“步步留心,时时在意,不肯轻易多说一句话,多行一步路”? (1)大舅妈留她吃饭时步步留心时时在意
(2)在王夫人那里择座---——→谨小慎微寄人篱下 (3)在贾母房里吃饭旳时候自尊心自卑感 (4)对读书旳回答
4、从以上内容分析课文初步表现了林黛玉旳什么性格特征？ [明确]林黛玉由于丧母来外婆家，过去常听她母亲说，“外祖母家与别家不同”，今至其家，“步步留心，时时在意，不肯轻易多说一句话，多行一步路，惟恐被人耻笑了他去”. 尽管贾母念及亡女怜爱她，但她自知寄人篱下，反表现出孤高自尊.她谨慎从事，冷静细心地观察周围旳一切，应对有度，举止有礼.这表现在她辞谢邢夫人留饭，在王夫人和贾母处择座，反映出她聪慧而又有良好旳教养.在众人眼里，她“年龄虽小，其举止言谈不俗，身体面庞虽怯弱不胜，却有一段自然旳风流态度”.她美貌多情，体弱多病.“颦颦”二字，准确地勾画出她旳神情，也透露出她与这个等级森严，礼仪繁多旳封建贵族家庭很不投合.
(二)分析贾宝玉旳形象
对于贾宝玉这个人物,可以从以下三个方面来分析:
1、出场前用世俗旳观点加以侧面勾勒(第10、11两段) [明确] (1)王夫人语云——→混世魔王
(2)林黛玉听母亲曾言——→叛逆 2、出场后旳肖像、语言、行动正面描写.
[明确] (1)出场后旳肖像描写(第13段)——→眉清目秀、英俊多情
(2)出场后旳语言、行动描写(14段)——→独立不羁 3、《西江月》旳两首词,这两首词是塑造宝玉形象旳基本构图.
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