一对一个性化教案 年级 学生姓名 匹配的《课程实施方案》的内容 课标要求 高三 科目 日期 英语 教师 时间 形容词的句法作用和构词法 1. 运用形容词行为和特征,说明概念等。 2.使用适当的语言形式描述事物、简单的表达态度、观点或情感等。 3.理解并掌握比较人、物的常用表达方式。 1.结合例句能正确说出形容词的意义和用法。 2.根据例题归纳出形容词的相关固定表达。 3.根据形容词的构词法和句法作用,准确完成相关词形变形。 教与学过程 考情分析 2019年 2018年 69题:考查名词→形容词 2017年 69题:考查名词→形容词 2016年 2015年 命题趋势 词性或级别转换: 1.名词→形容词; 2.动词→形容词; 3.副词→形容词; 4.形容词的原级→比较级或最高级。 1.形容词与副词的误用; 2.形容词与名词的误用; 3.形容词的级别(原级,比较级和最高级)的误用。 4. -ed形式的形容词与-ing形式的形容词之间的误用。 形容词的词义辨析 学习目标 考点 考查题型 语法填空 形容词 教师 的教 第一处语病: 短文考查-ing形改错 式形容词→--ed形式形容词 44, 47, 48完形和59题 填空 第八处语病: 考查副词→形容词 第九处语病: 考查副词→形容词 第六处语病:考查副词→形容词 43, 46,和49题 41, 44, 46和5854和60题 题 48, 53和60题 考点详解 1. 形容词的句法作用: 形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾补和状语等。如: We’re living in a peaceful society. 我们生活在一个和平的社会里。 (作前置定语) I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你。 (作后置定语) You are so considerate. 你是如此体贴。 (作表语) She finds it difficult to get rid of her bad habits in such a short period of time. (作宾补) She sat there, tired and sleepy. 她坐在那里,又累又困。 (作状语) 思考:形容词在句中的位置? 1. 置于名词前,作名词的前置定语; 2. 置于复合不定代词之后,作复合不定代词的后置定语。 3. 跟在系动词之后,作表语;
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4. 跟在形式宾语it之后,作补足语; 5. 放在句首或句尾,作状语,跟主语所在的句子用逗号隔开,表主语的心理特征或状态, 2. 形容词变副词的变化规则: 情况 ⑴ 一般情况下 ⑴ 以辅音字母加y结尾 变化规则 在词尾直接加ly 举例 complete→completely;extreme→extremely;real→really 先变y为i,再加ly easy→easily; happy→happily; lucky→luckily true→truly possible→possibly;probable→probably;simple→simply full→fully basic→basically,scientific→scientifically ⑴ 以元音字母加e去e加ly 结尾 ⑴ 以le结尾 ⑴ 以ll结尾 ⑴ 以ic结尾 去e加y 在词尾直接加y 在词尾直接加ally 备注:副词变形容词的规则反过来。 3. 形容词的构词法: 1)合成法: adj. + -ed→adj., 如: readymade 现成的 adj. + v-ing→adj., 如: good-looking 长得好看的 adj. + adj. →adj., 如: red-hot 炽热的 adj. + n. + -ed →adj., 如: bare-footed赤脚的;warm-hearted热心的; kind-hearted 好心的 adv. + v-ing→adj., 如: hardworking 勤劳的 n. + adj. →adj., 如: world-famous 世界闻名的 n. + -ed →adj., 如: manmade人造的; handmade 手工的 n. + v-ing→adj., 如: time-consuming 耗时的 num. + n. →adj., 如: five-star 五星级的 num. + n. +adj.→adj., 如: five-year-old 5岁的; 70-meter-high 70米高的 num. + n. + ed→adj., 如: three-legged 三条腿的 2) 派生法: 常见的形容词后缀有: ① -y (n.→ adj.): rain—rainy 下雨的; cloud—cloudy 多云的; wind—windy 有风的; snow—snowy 下雪的; 注意: 第一,以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母的名词,将其变为形容词时须双写词尾的辅音字母再加y。如:sun—sunny(晴朗的),fun—funny(有趣的)等。 第二,少数以不发音的e 结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e,再加y。如:noise(噪音)→ noisy (吵闹的、嘈杂的),ice(冰)→icy(刺骨的)等。 ② -able / ible (n./v.→ adj.): reason原因→ reasonable合理的; comfort舒适→ comfortable 舒服的; rely依靠,依赖→ reliable 可靠的,可信赖的; terror 恐怖→ terrible 可怕的; ③ -al (n.→ adj.): nation 国家→national 国家的; education 教育→ educational 教育的;
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addition 附加→ additional 附加的; culture 文化→ cultural 文化的; nature 自然→ natural 天然的; tradition 传统→ traditional 传统的 ④ -en (n.→ adj.): wood 木头→wooden 木制的; gold 金色→golden 金色的; west 西方→western 西方的; east 东方→eastern 东方的; ⑤ -ent / -ant(v./n,→ adj.): differ 不同→ different 不同的; insist 坚持→insistent 坚持的; patience 耐心→patient 有耐心的; confidence 信心→confident 自信的 efficiency 效率→efficient 高效的; relevance 相关→relevant 相关的; tolerance 宽容;容忍→tolerant 宽容的 ⑥ -ive (v.→ adj.): act表演→active 积极的; impress使印象深刻→impressive 印象深刻的 create创造→creative 有创造力的; attract 吸引→attractive 有吸引力的; decide决定→decisive 果断的; cooperate 合作→cooperative 合作的; comprehend 理解,包含→comprehensive 综合的,全面的 ⑦ -ful (n.→ adj.): help 帮助→ helpful 有帮助的; power 力量→powerful 强有力的; peace 和平→peaceful 和平的; beauty 美丽→ beautiful 美丽的; wonder 奇迹→wonderful 精彩的; faith 忠诚→ faithful 忠诚的; color 颜色 → colorful 多彩的; pain 痛苦 → painful 痛苦的; meaning 意义→meaningful有意义的; respect 尊敬;恭敬→respectful 恭敬的 thank 感谢→ thankful 感谢的; gratitude 感激→ grateful 感激的 ⑧ -less (n.→ adj.): help 帮助→ helpless 无助的; power 力量→powerless无力的; home 家→ homeless 无家可归的; meaning 意义→meaningless 无意义的 care 关心;小心→careless 粗心的; pain 痛苦→painless 无痛的 ⑨-ous (n.→ adj.): danger 危险→dangerous 危险的; courage 勇气→ courageous 勇敢的 fame 名誉→ famous 著名的; envy 羡慕→ envious 羡慕的;妒忌的 harmony和谐→ harmonious和谐的; luxury 奢侈→ luxurious奢侈的; curiosity好奇→curious 好奇的; anxiety 焦虑→ anxious 焦虑的 ⑩ -ly (n.→ adj.): friend 朋友→friendly 友好的; time时间→timely及时的; dead死亡的→deadly致命的 love爱→lovely 可爱的; week周→ weekly 每周的; month 月份→monthly 每月的; year年→yearly 每年的; day天→ daily 每天的,日常的; lonely 寂寞的; likely 可能的 11. -ing/-ed (v.→ adj.):
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interest 使感兴趣→ interesting 有趣的/interested 感兴趣的 excite 使激动→ exciting令人激动的 / excited 激动的; amaze 使惊奇→amazing 令人惊叹的/ amazed 感到惊讶的; embarrass 使尴尬→ embarrassing令人尴尬的 / embarrassed 感到尴尬的 disappoint 使失望→ disappointing 令人失望的 / disappointed 感到失望的 worry 使担忧→worrying 令人担忧的 / worried 感到担忧的 inspire 鼓舞;激励→ inspiring 令人鼓舞的 / inspired 受到鼓舞的 challenge 挑战→challenging 有挑战性的/challenged 受到挑战的 disturb打扰;扰乱;使不安→disturbing令人不安的/disturbed感到不安的 试真题 一.单句改错。 1.(2015·新课标Ⅰ)I felt happily that their life had improved. 2.(2016·新课标Ⅲ)At one time,I even felt my parents couldn't understand me, so I hoped I could be freely from them. 3.(2015·新课标Ⅰ)Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. 4.(2014·新课标Ⅰ)We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost! 5.(2016·四川) Mom was grateful and moving. 6.(2014·广西)So really friendship should be able to stand all sorts of tests. 学7.(2014·辽宁)That is too much for us,considering how closely the houses are. 生 的8.(2014·新课标Ⅰ)The fruits are small in size,but juicy and taste. 学 9.(2014·浙江)I had noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people. 二.单句填空。 1.(2018·新课标Ⅰ,69) Running is cheap, easy and it’s always ________(energy). 2.(2016·四川,63)She was a very ________(care) mother. 3.(2016·浙江,6)That young man is honest,cooperative,always there when you need his help.In short,he's ________(rely). 4.(2015·福建,23)It was ________(considerately) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. 5.(2014·新课标Ⅰ,70) Just be ________(patience).
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6.(2014·新课标Ⅱ,43)...some of them looked very anxious and ________(disappoint). 7.(2014·辽宁,63) My legs become ________(pain). 8.(2014·湖北,28) Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase,she gave him a ________(tolerance) smile and let him go. 解题技巧总结 短文改错 1.分析形容词或副词在句子中所作的成分和起的作用。作表语时除了地点副词外均用形容词;作定语时,若前置须用形容词,若后置可能用地点副词或形容词短语;作状语时除了有少数几个能表示主语情况的形容词外,一般为副词。 典例1 (2015·陕西) I thought the biscuits were really well. 【解析】 well→good 句意:我认为这些饼干确实很好。well为形容词作表语时,意为“身体好”;good作表语时,意为“(质量、品德等)好的”。根据句意可知,此处指饼干质量好,应用good。 语法填空 1.准确理解句意,分析句子结构,判断空格处要填的词在句子中作什么成分。如果用来修饰名词或位于系动词后作表语,应为形容词。 典例一 (2015·新课标Ⅱ,49) As ________(nature) architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 【解析】 natural 句意:作为天生的建筑师,小城镇的印第安人精确地计算出土坯房的墙壁需要多厚来使这个循环在大部分时间运作。形容词修饰名词,natural“天生的”。 检测 目标 达成 详见附件 定义:形容事物的性质或特征的词。 知 英文全称/简写词性符号:adjective/ adj. 识 体 形容词 分类:性质形容词和叙述形容词 系 考查重点:词性转化(名词→形容词;副词→形容词;动词→形容词),级别变化,
和词义辨析。 构考法:短文改错,语法填空和完形填空。 建 学 生签字 备 注
班主任审批 教务主管审批 5
一. 句子填空。
1.(2016·北京,阅读D)It is not ________(surprise) that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so.
2.(2016·四川,阅读B)You can live a more ________(power) life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself.
3.(2016·江苏,阅读C)In the laboratory, chimps don’t naturally share food either.Human children, on the other hand are extremely ________(cooperate).
4.(2015·江苏,31)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and ________(comprehension) review of the case.
5.(2015·湖北,28)I don't think what he said is ________(relevance) to the topic we are discussing.He has missed the point.
6.(2015·安徽,26)I'm so________(gratitude) to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.
7.(2014·福建,24) With online shopping increasingly popular,the Internet is seen as a(n) ________(efficiency) way of reaching target customers.
8.(2014·湖北,27) What was so ________(impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon barefooted.
9.(2016·广州六校联考) Some experts believe it’s a________(worry) trend.
10.(2016·银川一中高三一模) It is natural that young people are often________(comfort) when they are with their parents.
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11.(2016·大连二十中期中)Some professor says “a naked marriage” is in sharp contrast with China’s ________ (tradition) marriage customs.
12.(2015·南昌质检) This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their ________(nature) course.
13.(2015·大庆月考) That would be a very ________(reason) thing to do in a big city,but it could destroy a small village like ours.
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