英语十六大时态总结

英语十六大时态总结（表格）

英语共有十六个时态 四个大体（主：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行）

时态名称 定义 时间状语 often, usually, always, 结构 1.be动词 主语+be+表语 一般疑问句 1.be放于句首 2.用助动词do/does否定句形式 1.be not 2.实义动词动词用助动词don’t/ doesn’t，同时还原实义动词为原形 经常、反复发生的动作或一般现在时 行为及现在的某种状况。 sometimes, every day/week/month etc. once a week, on Mondays, etc. ago, yesterday, last 2.实义动词（原形） 提问,同时还原动词主语+v.+宾语 为原形 1.把was/ were放于句首 1.was/were 2.实义动词过去式 过去某个时间里发生的一般过去时 动作或状态； 过去 习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 week/month/year etc. in 2000, just now, one day, long long ago etc. 1. was/were not 2. 用助动词 didn’t，同时2.用助动词did提问，同时还原动词为还原实义动词为原形 原形 现阶段或说话时正在进现在进行时 行的动作或状态。 过去某段时间或某一时过去进行时 刻正在发生或进行的动

now, at this time, these days, etc. at this time yesterday或以when引导的谓语动词是一般be doing be放于句首 把was/were放于句be not doing was/were doing 首 was/were not doing 作。 过去时的时间状语等 表示将要发生的动作或tomorrow，tomorrow morning/afternoon, the day Sunday/week/year/month， soon, in a few days etc. 1.be going to do 2.will/shall do 1.be放于句首1.be not going to do 一般将来时 存在的状态及打算、计划after tomorrow ，next 或准备做某事。 表示在过去的某个时候过去将来时 看来将要发生的动作或者存在的状态。 2.will/shall放于句首 2.will／shall not do the next day/morning/ year the following month/week etc. 1.was/ were going to do 2.would do 1.was/were放于句首 2.would 放于句首 1.was/were not going to do 2.would not do 时态名称 定义 过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的一向时间状语 结构 一般疑问句 否定式形式 already, yet, just, ever, never, before, recently，in the past few years etc.及由for/since引导的时间状语(从句) have/ has done 把have/has放在句首 have/ has not done 现在完成时 或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 表示在过去某一时间或过去完成时 动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或情况。表示

by, before等构成的过去时间短语或用于when, before, until等引导的从句中；或由said, asked, told, thought等引had done had放于句首 had not done “过去的过去”。 从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作，这现在完成进一动作可能刚刚开始，也行时 可能仍然在继续，并可能延续到将来。 导的宾语从句中 since+时间点 for+时间段 have/has been doing have/has 放于句首 have/has not been doing 特殊含义： 1.尚未完成：He had been writing the novel. 2.企图：He had been studying 相对过去的某个时刻来过去完成进说已经对现在有直接影行时 响并且还在进行的动作。 the meaning of this proverb. 3.未得结果：We had been studying what our enemy had said. 4.最近情况:He had been quarrelling with his wife. 5.反复动作：He had been asking me the same question.

很少用于否定句中，多用过去完成时代替。 e.g. He had not practised had been doing English for many had放于句首 years.(常用) =He had not been practising English for many years.（不常用） 6.情绪：What had he been doing? 时态名称 定义 将来某段时间或某一时时间状语 soon, this evening, tomorrow, on Sunday by this time, in two days etc. 结构 be going to/ will/shall be doing 一般疑问句 1.be放于句首否定式形式 1.be not going to be doing 将来进行时 刻正在发生或进行的动作。 就过去某一时间而言，将过去将来进行时 来某一时刻或某一段时2.will/shall放于句首 2.will/shall not be doing 多用于间接引语 间正在进行的动作（主要用于宾语从句中，） by the time of 在将来某一时刻之前已将来完成时 经完成或一直持续的动作。 by the time+从句（将来） 过去将来完成时 从过去观点看将来某时主要用于间接引语中 动作已完成。 by the end of+时间短语（将来） was/were going to/ would be doing 1.was放于句首 2.would放于句首 1.was/were not going to be doing 2.would not be doing be going to/ will/ shall have done 1.be放于句首1.be not going to 2.will/shall放于句首 2.will/shall not have done was/were going to/ would have done 1.was放于句首 2.would/should放于句首 1.was/were not going to 2.would not have done

动作从将来的某一时刻将来完成进行时 开始一直延续到将来某the next day/morning/year the following be going to/ will/ shall have been doing 1.be放于句首 2.will/shall放于句首 1.be not going to 2.shall/will not have been doing 一时间。（是否继续下去，month/week/year etc. 要视上下文而定） 从过去某一时间开始一直延续到对于过去来说（同将来时） 主要用于间接引语中，若主句为过去时态，则用于宾语过去将来完的将来某一时间。（是否从句中的间接引语要把将来成进行时 继续下去，要视上下文而完成进行时改为过去将来完定） 成进行时。 Was/were going to/ would have been doing 1.be放于句首 2.would放于句首 1.was/were not going to have been doing 2.would not have been doing