SINGLE-CHIP FM/AM TUNER WITH STEREO DECODER
AND AUDIO PROCESSOR
1
■■■■■
FEATURES
AM/FM WORLD TUNER FOR CAR-RADIOINTEGRATED IMAGE REJECTION FM MIXERINTEGRATED TUNING PLL
VARIABLE-BANDWITH FM IF FILTER (ISS) FULLY INTEGRATED FM STEREO DECODER
FULLY INTEGRATED FM/AM NOISE BLANKER
HIGHLY INTEGRATED AUDIO PROCESSOR
Figure 1. Package
TQFP80Table 1. Order Codes
Part NumberE-TDA7514E-TDA7514TR
E- prefix indicates lead free package
PackageTQFP80
TQFP80 in Tape & Reel
■
■
2DESCRIPTION
The TDA7514 is a device for car-radio applicationsthat combines full RF front-end functions with ad-vanced audio-processing capabilities.
As far as FM and AM functions are concerned, theTDA7514 features front-end processing, includingthe digital tuning PLL. IF processing with demodu-lation and variable-bandwidth IF filtering (ISS),stop station and quality detection functions, FMstereo decoding by means of a fully integrated ad-justment-free dedicated PLL and, finally, AM andFM noise blanking (AM noise blanking comprisesone IF NB as well as an audio NB).
The FM stereo decoder and the noise blankingfunctions are realised entirely without externalcomponents. The FM front-end circuit features animage-rejection mixer that allows the simplificationof the external preselection filter, and a very lownoise level that allows getting rid of the externalpreamplifier with no loss in sensitivity. A 6 bit on-
board ADC makes a digitised version of the Sme-ter available to the µP via I2Cbus.
The audio processor section comprises input se-lectors for one stereo single-ended source, onestereo quasi-differential source and a mono differ-ential source. Volume, loudness, tone (bass andtreble), balance and fading controls are availablewith completely pop-free operation to drive fouroutput channels. An additional input independent-ly mixable on each of the four outputs is providedfor chime. A soft mute function and an RDS mutefunction are included to handle source change aswell as RDS AF search without abrupt changes inthe audio level.
Most of the parameters in the front-end section areI2Cbus-driven and therefore under the control ofthe car-radio maker. The I2Cbus allows further-more the user to realise the full electric alignmentof all the external coils.
June 2005
Rev. 11/74
TDA7514
Figure 2. Block Diagram
2/74
GNDTDA7514
Table 2. Pin Description
N°12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940
PinVREF5VTUNGNDAMMIX1IN+AMMIX1IN-AMAGC1TCAMAGC1IOUTAMAGC1VOUTFMMIX1IN+RFGNDFMMIX1IN-FMAGCTCFMAGCIOUT
GNDFMADJOUTVCOCOSCGNDVCOBOSCVCCLFOUTLFREFLFINAMLFINFMLFHCPLLGNDPLLVCCXTALGXTALDDIGGNDDIGVCCQUALMPOUT/ISSBWQUALACMPOUT
ISSTCDEVTCVREF3VAPGNDAPVCCOUTRROUTRLOUTFROUTFL
5V referencetuner general groundam mix1 inputam mix1 input
am agc1 filter capacitoram agc1 current outputam agc1 voltage outputfm mix1 inputrf groundfm mix1 input
fm agc detector time constantfm agc current outputground
fm antenna filter adjustmentam/fm vco collectorvco groundam/fm vco basevco supply (8V)PLL loop filter outputPLL loop filter referencePLL AM loop filter inputPLL FM loop filter inputPLL loop filter high-current inputPLL back-end groundPLL back-end supplyref osc gateref osc draindigital ground
digital dirty supply (8V)
multipath det output / ISS BW indicatormultipath det / adjacent channel det outputISS time constant
deviation detector time constant3V reference
audio processor/stereo decodergroundaudio processor/stereo decoder supply (8V)audio outaudio outaudio outaudio out
Function
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TDA7514
Table 2. Pin Description
N°41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980
PinCHIMEINACRINACROUTACLINACLOUTPH+PH-PB_LPB_RAUXRAUXCOMAUXLTUNERINTUNEROUTAUDIOMUTESD / IFCOUT / ARSOUT
SDASCLSMETEROUTDEMGNDAMIF2AMPINSMETERTCFMDEMREFAMIF2AMPREF
SNCTCAMAGC2TCAMMIX2OUT-AMMIX2OUT+FMMIX2IN-FMMIX2IN+FMIFAMP2OUTFMIFAMP2INTUNVCC
FMIFAMPREF/AMIF2REF
FMIFAMP1OUTFMIFAMP1IN/AMMIX2IN
IF1GNDMIX1OUT-MIX1OUT+IF1VCC
chime input
ac coupling right inputac coupling right outputac coupling left inputac coupling left outputphone in +phone in -tape in lefttape in rightaudio aux in rightaudio aux in commonaudio aux in leftam audio/fm mpx inputam audio/fm mpx outputaudio processor mute control
am/fm station detector output / IF counter output / ARS MPX outputI2C bus dataI2C bus clock
filtered / unfiltered Smeter outputfm demodulator groundam if2 amp input
am/fm smeter filtering capacitorfm demodulator reference capacitoram if2 amp feedback capacitorSNC detector time constantam agc2 filter capacitoram mix2 outputam mix2 outputfm mix2 inputfm mix2 inputfm if1 amp2 outputfm if1 amp2 inputtuner general supply (8V)
fm if1 amps reference capacitor/am if2 reference voltagefm if1 amp1 output
fm if1 amp1 input/am mix2 inif1 groundam/fm mix1 outputam/fm mix1 outputif1 supply (8V)
Function
4/74
TDA7514
3ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTCS
3.1FM
(Vcc = 8.5V; Tamb= 25°C; Vant,in= 60dBµload; fc=98.1MHz; fdev = 40kHz; fmod=1KHz; IF1amp1=25dB;IF1amp2=15dB; Filter @TUNEROUT:IEC_TUNER+Deemphasis=50µs, unless otherwise specified)Table 3.
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
General (measured at audioprocessor output with de-emphasis and high cut active, ISS set to 80 KHz BW)
USSNRLSTHD
Usable sensitivity Signal to Noise ratioLimiting SensitivityTotal Harmonic Distortion
-3dB_point, SoftMute Offfdev = 40kHz fdev = 75kHz
Vout Output LevelISNIFCSIcctunIccmix1Iccif1IccoscIccpllIccdigIQ Mixer 1
RINVINGmIIP3IQGIQPIRR
Input ResistanceInput DC BiasTransconductanceInput IP3
IQ Gain AdjustmentIQ Phase AdjustmentImage Rejection Ratio
without adjustmentadjusted
Gvmix1
Gain
from input (single-ended) to
IFT1 out differential
-1-730
4222
Differential@pin 8, pin 10
62.317108
+1+8
kΩVmSdBµV%°CdBdBdB
Interstation NoiseIF Counter Sensitivity
DC Supply Current@TUNVCCDC Supply Current@IFT1DC Supply Current@IF1VCCDC Supply Current@OSCVCCDC Supply Current@PLLVCCDC Supply Current@DIGVCC
@TUNEROUT
Delta Vout@RF OFF, Soft Mute OFF S/N=40dB
065-2.50.260.36243-8.50805101037
dBµVloaddBdBµVload%%mVrmsdBdBµVloadmAmAmAmAmAmA
IFT1 Adjustment
Cift1min
IFT1 Adjustment CapacitorMinimum
Between MIX1OUT+ and MIX1OUT-2.3
pF
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TDA7514
Table 3. (continued)
SymbolCift1maxCift1step
Parameter
IFT1 Adjustment CapacitorMaximum
IFT1 Adjustment CapacitorStep
Test Condition
Between MIX1OUT+ and MIX1OUT-Between MIX1OUT+ and MIX1OUT-Min
Typ20.11.3
Max
UnitpFpF
RFT AdjustmentVrftadjminVrftadjmaxVrftadjstepVRFT0VoutmaxVoutmin
Output voltage maximumOutput voltage minimumRFT Adjustment MinimumRFT Adjustment MaximumRFT Adjustment Step
@T6<0:7>=[00000000]TVIN=3V
@ T6<0:7>=[11111111]TVIN=3V
TVIN=3V,
VRFTadjstep=TVIN/128@ T6<0:7>=[11000001]TVIN=3VVCC-0.4
0.45.92338.10.4
VVmVVVV
Wide Band RF AGC (input: FMMIXER1in+ and FMMIXER1IN-)WAGCspL
Lower Threshold Start (Set 1) (“min” not used)
Level at FMMIXER1IN+ @V12=100mV
IFT1 primary is shorted and is connected to GND with 56nFLevel at FMMIX1IN+ @V12=100mV
IFT1 primary is shorted and is connected to GND with 56nF
66.8
dBµV
WAGCspH
Higher Threshold Start (Set max)
83.5dBµV
Wide Band Keying AGC ( Controlled by FiltSMeter1ms )
WAGCK
AGC Start (Set 1) shift
Shifted level of AGC Starting point at FMMIX1IN+ when VSMeter changes from Vkey to Vkey-450mV
when V12 changes to 90mV from 100mV (Set 1)
-12
dB
VkeyVsmeter at Keyed AGC start1.71V
Narrow Band IF AGC (input: FMMIXEROUT+ and FMMIXER1OUT-)NAGCspLNAGCspH
Lower Threshold Start (Set 1)(“min” not used)
Higher Threshold Start (Set max)
Level of IF1 at FMMIX1OUT+ @V12=100mV
Level of IF1 at FMMIX1OUT+ @V12=100mVWAGC set to max
90.2109
dBµVdBµV
RF AGC Pin Diode Driver Out
IoutminIoutmax
MinimumMaximum
AGCOFFAGCON; total@330Ω@2.2KΩ
10.18.81.35
0.1
µAmAmAmA
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TDA7514
Table 3. (continued)
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
FMIF1AMP1 and FMIF1AMP2
Gv1minGv1maxIIP3a1Rin1Rout1Gv2minGv2maxIIP3a2Rin2Rout2
AMP1 Minimum GainAMP1 Maximum GainAMP1 input-referred IP3Input Impedance of AMP1Output Impedance of AMP1AMP2 Minimum GainAMP2 Maximum GainAMP2 input-referred IP3Input Impedance of AMP2Output Impedance of AMP2
Source and load impedance: 330ohm.
Source and load impedance: 330ohm.
Source and load impedance: 330ohm.
Source and load impedance: 330ohm.
1925TBD330330715TBD330330
dBdBdBµVΩΩdBdBdBµVΩΩ
FMMIXER2 (output not accessible)
Gvmix2Rinmix2
Gain (Single-ended output)Input Impedance
Source impedance: 330ohm.
12.3330
dBΩ
FMLIMITER (450KHz) (output not accessible)
Gvlim
Gain (To Demod_IN from FMMIXER2out+)
TBD
dB
FM Filtered Smeter (Mod:off , Slider: 0)
VFSM1VFSM2VFSM3FSMR1FSMR2CLVFSMTCsm1TCsm2
Filtered Smeter1Filtered Smeter2Filtered Smeter3Filtered Smeter resistorFiltered Smeter resistorClamped voltageTime constant1Time constant2
T16<5>= 0T16<5>= 1
@FMMIX2IN=50dBµV@FMMIX2IN=70dBµV@FMMIX2IN=90dBµVT16<5>= 0T16<5>= 1
1.442.473.96200215100.9
VVVkΩMΩVmss
FM Smeter SliderSLSTEPSLMAXSLMIN
Slider stepMaximum SliderMinimum Slider
@VFSM=2.6V@VFSM=2.6V
381.16-1.18
mVVV
ISS (Intelligent Selectivity System) Filter
Fcenter
Center Frequency
450
kHz
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TDA7514
Table 3. (continued)
SymbolFc120BW3Fc120BW20Fc80BW3Fc80BW20Fc20BW3Fc20BW20∆Fmin
Parameter
Fcenter=120KHz, @-3dB,BWFcenter=120KHz, @-20dB,BWFcenter=80KHz, @-3dB,BWFcenter=80KHz, @-20dB,BWFcenter=20KHz, @-3dB,BWFcenter=20KHz, @-20dB,BWFcenter Fine adjust minimum
Test Condition
@ISS 120KHz@ISS 120KHz@ISS 80KHz@ISS 80KHz@ISS 20KHz @ISS 20KHz
Min
Typ120250801502575-20
Max
UnitkHzkHzkHzkHzkHzkHzkHz
ISS Filter Time Constant
Ichal1Ichah1Ichal2Ichah2IdischalIdischahlVISSTCLVISSTCH
Charge current low Charge current highCharge current lowCharge current highDischarge current lowDischarge current highISSTC LowISSTC High
@Weak adjacent@Weak adjacent@Strong adjacent@Strong adjacent
60741101241150.14.9
µAµAµAµAµAµAVV
ISS Filter Switch Threshold
V120onV120offV80onV80off
Threshold for ISS120onThreshold for ISS120offThreshold for ISS80onThreshold for ISS80off
3142
VVVV
Adjacent Channel detector for ISS (input: Smeter unfiltered)FcenterAC1FcenterAC2FcenterAC3FcenterAC4GacminGacmaxVaclVachVthaclVthach
Filter1 cutoff , T22<1:0>=00Filter2 center, T22<1:0>=01Filter3 center, T22<1:0>=10Filter4 center, T22<1:0>=11Gain minimumGain maximumOutput voltage lowOutput voltage high
Threshold for weak adjacent low
Threshold for weak adjacent high
HP(106KHz)+HP(100KHz)BP(100KHz)+HP(144KHz)BP(204KHz)+BP(100KHz)BP(100KHz)+BP(144KHz)
13010017710123293.04.93.253.95
kHzkHzkHzkHzdBdBVVVV
8/74
TDA7514
Table 3. (continued)
SymbolVthacstep∆ACl∆ACh∆ACstepACdesen1ACdesen2ACdesen3ACdesen4Slop1Slop2Slop3Slop4
Parameter
Threshold for weak adjacent step
Differential Vthreshold between weak and strong adjacent lowDifferential Vthreshold between weak and strong adjacent highDifferential Vthreshold between weak and strong stepDesens Th1Desens Th2Desens Th3Desens Th4
Vsmeter at starting desensVsmeter at starting desensVsmeter at starting desensVsmeter at starting desens
Test Condition
Min
Typ10003001000.250.831.422.0-2.7-3.3-5-10
Max
UnitmVmVmVmVVVVV
∆AC/∆Vsmeter1 T22<6:5>=00∆AC/∆Vsmeter2∆AC/∆Vsmeter3∆AC/∆Vsmeter4
T22<6:5>=01T22<6:5>=10T22<6:5>=11
Multipath Channel detector for ISS ( input: Smeter unfiltered+Buffer)FcenterMPQmpFiltGv1FiltGv2FiltGv3FiltGv4Grect1Grect2Grect3Grect4VmplVmphVthmp1Vthmp2Vthmp3Vthmp4
BPF center
Quality factor of BPFGain1 of BPFGain2 of BPFGain3 of BPFGain4 of BPFRectifier Gain1Rectifier Gain2Rectifier Gain3Rectifier Gain4Output voltage lowOutput voltage highThreshold level1Threshold level2Threshold level3Threshold level4
T25<1:0>=00T25<1:0>=01T25<1:0>=10T25<1:0>=11T25<3:2>=00T25<3:2>=01T25<3:2>=10T25<3:2>=11
198.5-7471061218223.04.93.493.744.064.31
dBdBdBdBdBdBdBdBVVVVVVkHz
Deviation detector for ISS (input: Demodulator output)
FcDev
Cutoff Frequency of MPX LPF (2nd order)
10
kHz
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TDA7514
Table 3. (continued)
SymbolGvlpfIdischarlIdischarhIdischarstep
Vth1Vth2Vth3Vth4Rdev1Rdev2Rdev3Rdev4DEVdesens1DEVdesens2
Parameter
Gain of LPF
discharge current low at DEVTC
discharge current high at DEVTC
discharge current step at DEVTCLow threshold1Low threshold2Low threshold3Low threshold4
Ratio of Vthreshold between strong and high deviationRatio of Vthreshold between strong and high deviationRatio of Vthreshold between strong and high deviationRatio of Vthreshold between strong and high deviationOffset1 for Vsoftmute for desens
Offset2 for Vsoftmute for desens
Vthhighdev/VthdevVthhighdev/VthdevVthhighdev/VthdevVthhighdev/Vthdev
referred to soft mute thresholdreferred to soft mute threshold
Test Condition
Min
Typ1462021520284411.31.41.550150
mVmV
Max
UnitdBµAµAµAkHzdevkHzdevkHzdevkHzdev
Field Strength ISS ( FSISS )∆Vthisissl∆Vthisissh∆Vthisissstep
Low offset for Vthsm of softmute by Smeter(1ms) High offset for Vthsm of softmute by Smeter(1ms) Step offset for Vthsm ofSoftmute by Smeter(1ms)
referred to soft mute thresholdreferred to soft mute threshold
-467+46767
mVmVmV
SoftMute by Smeter
Vthsm1Vthsm2Vthsm3Vthsm4AttsmmaxAttsmminAttsmstep
Threshold level1 Threshold level2 Threshold level3 Threshold level4 Maximum attenuationMinimum attenuationStep attenuation
T14<1:0>=00T14<1:0>=01T14<1:0>=10T14<1:0>=11
0.30.41.61.821.54.52.5
VVVVdBdBdB
10/74
TDA7514
Table 3. (continued)
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
SoftMute by Adjacent Channel DetectorVthsmac1Vthsmac2Attsmac1Attsmac2Attsmac3Attsmac4
Threshold level1 Threshold level2 Attenuation1Attenuation2Attenuation3Attenuation4
T14<2>=0T14<2>=1T14<7:6>=00T14<7:6>=01T14<7:6>=10T14<7:6>=11
2.753.2506912
VVdBdBdBdB
Station Detector by Smeter
VSDlVSDhVthsdminVthsdmaxVthsdstep
Low output level High output level Threshold level minimum Threshold level maximumThreshold level step
@SDpin@SDpinT20<3:0>=0000T20<3:0>=1111
050.43.40.2
VVVVV
Adjacent Channel Detector for Quality outputs, SNC and HCC
F1ac1F1ac2F2ac1F2ac2GcF2ac1GcF2ac2∆Vrect1∆Vrect2∆Vrect3∆Vrect4
Cutoff or center frequency of filter1
Cutoff or center frequency of filter1
Cutoff or center frequency of filter2
Cutoff or center frequency of filter2Gain of filter2Gain of filter2Offset1 of rectifier for SNC&HCC
Offset2 of rectifier forSNC&HCC
Offset3 of rectifier forSNC&HCC
Offset4 of rectifier forSNC&HCC
T8<4>=0T8<4>=1T8<5>=0T8<5>=1T18<7>=0T18<7>=1T18<5:4>=00T18<5:4>=01T18<5:4>=10T18<5:4>=11
831041191398.714.70.40.81.21.6
kHzkHzkHzkHzdBdBVVVV
Multipath Detector for Quality output, SNC and HCC (Filter shared with ISS multipath detector)
GvrectlGvrecthGvrectstep
Rectifier Gain minimumRectifier Gain maximumRectifier Gain step
T15<7:5>=000T15<7:5>=111
513.41.2
dBdBdB
11/74
TDA7514
Table 3. (continued)
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Smeter Control for SNC and HCC
GvsmlGvsmhGvsmstep
Gain minimumGain maximumGain step
T15<3:0>=000T15<3:0>=111
02.250.15
dBdBdB
Quality_ACMPout (High output corresponds to good quality)Gqacmp1mpGqacmp2mpGqacmp3mpGqacmp4mpGqacmp1acGqacmp2acGqacmp3acGqacmp4acVqacmpmaxVqacmpmin
Gain output level1 for multipathT25<5:4>=01Gain output level2 for multipathT25<5:4>=10Gain output level3 for multipathT25<5:4>=11Gain output level4 for multipathT25<5:4>=00Gain output level1 for adjacent T25<7:6>=01channel
Gain output level2 for adjacent T25<7:6>=10channel
Gain output level3 for adjacent T25<7:6>=11channel
Gain output level4 for adjacent T25<7:6>=00channel
Maximum output levelMinimum output level
-40+4-60-40+4-605.00
dBdBdBdBdBdBdBdBVV
Quality_MPout (Low output corresponds to good quality)VqacmaxVqacmin
Maximum output levelMinimum output level
Roll off compensation for TUNEROUT
∆Vc120∆Vc80
Delta voltage between ISS120ON and ISS OFF
Delta voltage between ISS80ON and ISS OFF
@53KHz@53KHz
11
dBdB
50.9
VV
Weather Band Audio Gain BoostGvwbbst
Boosted gain
23.5
dB
12/74
TDA7514
3.2AM
(Vcc = 8.5V; Tamb = 25°C; Vsg = 74dBµVemf; fc = 999KHz; Modulation level = 30%, fmod = 400Hz;80O+20pF/65pF dummy antenna; Filter@TUNEROUT: IEC_TUNER + Deemphasis = 50us, unless oth-erwise specified).Table 4.
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
General (input level @SG emf)
USSNRMSTHD1THD2THD3THD4THDLFVoutISNIFCSIcctunIccmix1
Usable sensitivitySignal to Noise RatioMaximum SensitivityTotal Harmonic Distortion1 Total Harmonic Distortion2Total Harmonic Distortion3Total Harmonic Distortion4THD @ Low frequencyLevel of TUNEROUTInterstation noise levelIF Counter Sensitivity
DC Supply Current@TUNVCCDC Supply Current@IFT1
@∆Vout=-10dB, SoftMute:offmod=30%, VSG=74 dBµVemfmod=80%, VSG=74 dBµVemfmod=30%,
VSG=120dBµVemfmod=80%,
VSG=120dBµVemfmod=30%, fmod=100HzTUNEROUT
Vout @RF:off & SoftMute:offSNR=20dB
2650200.10.20.20.50.2370-35108551028510
MIXER1
Gv
Conversion gain
From AMMIXER1IN+ to
IFT1; secondary loaded with 330Ω
3.5
dBdBµVemf
dBdBµVemf
%%%A
%%mVrmsdBdBµVemfmAmAmmAmAmAmA
Iccif1 DC Supply Current@IF1VCCIccmix2IccoscIccpllIccdig
DC Supply Current@IFT2DC Supply
Current@OSCVCC
DC Supply Current@PLLVCCDC Supply Current@DIGVCC
RinIIP3mix1
Input resistance (differential) Input-referred IP3
1130
KΩdBµV
AGC1 Wide Band AGC (input: AMMIXER1in+ and AMMIXER1IN-; FEAGC in open-loop configuration) WAGCspl
Starting point minimum
Level at AMMIX1IN+@IAGCOUT = 1µA, RF=999KHz, Set=0 Level at AMMIX1IN+ @IAGCOUT = 1µA,RF=999KHz, Set=31
94.4
dBµV
WAGCsphStarting point maximum115.5dBµV
13/74
TDA7514
Table 4. (continued)
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
AGC1 Narrow Band AGC (input: AMMIXER2in; FEAGC in open-loop configuration)
NAGCspl
Starting point minimum
Level at AMMIX2IN@IAGCOUT = 1µAIF1=10.7MHz, Set=0Level at AMMIX2IN@IAGCOUT = 1µAIF1=10.7MHz, Set=31
96.3
dBµV
NAGCsphStarting point maximum117.0dBµV
AGC1 Ultra Narrow Band AGC (input: AMIF2IN+; FEAGC in open-loop configuration)
UNAGCspl
Starting point minimum
Level at AMIF2IN @IAGCOUT =1uAIF2=450KHz, Set=0Level at AMIF2IN @IAGCOUT =1uAIF2=450KHz, Set=15
69.6
dBµV
UNAGCsphStarting point maximum76.9dBµV
AGC1 Output
IoutlIouthVoutlVouthRagcvout
Pindiode drive current minimum
Pindiode drive current maximum
Rfamp control voltage minimum
Rfamp control voltage maximum
Output resistance at VOUT
AGCOFFAGCONAGCONAGCOFF
3.517
0.4
0.51
µAmAVVkΩ
AGC1 Time ConstantRagc1tc1Ragc1tc2AMMIXER2Gmix2maxIIP3mix2Rmix2inAMIF2amplifierGif2ampminGif2ampmaxΔGif2ampRif2ampin
min. gain , no AGC2max. gain , no AGC2AGC2 rangeInput resistance
T29<7:4>=0010T29<7:4>=1111
6882-402
dBdBdBkΩ
Conversion GainInput-referred IP3Input resistance
From AMMIXER2in to IFT2secondary loaded with 2kΩ
81402.4
dBdBµVkΩ
Time constant FAST modeTime constant Normal mode
Output resistance AMAGC1TCpin Output resistance AMAGC1TCpin
9100
kΩkΩ
SoftMute by Smeter
Vthsm1
Threshold level1
T14<1:0>=00
0.3
V
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TDA7514
Table 4. (continued)
SymbolVthsm2Vthsm3Vthsm4AttsmmaxAttsmminAttsmstep
Parameter
Threshold level2 Threshold level3 Threshold level4 Maximum attenuationMinimum attenuationStep attenuation
Test Condition
T14<1:0>=01T14<1:0>=10T14<1:0>=11
Min
Typ0.41.61.821.54.52.5
Max
UnitVVVdBdBdB
AM Filtered Smeter
VFSM1VFSM2VFSM3FSMR1FSMR2CLVFSMTCsm1TCsm2
Filtered Smeter1Filtered Smeter2Filtered Smeter3Filtered Smeter resistorFiltered Smeter resistorClamped voltageTime constant1Time constant2
T16<5>=0T16<5>=1
@AMIF2AMPIN=50dBµV@AMIF2AMPIN=70dBµV@AMIF2AMPIN=90dBµVT16<5>=0T16<5>=1
0.82.24.4200215100.9
VVVkΩMΩVmss
AM Smeter SliderSLSTEPSLMAXSLMIN
Slider stepMaximum SliderMinimum Slider
@VFSM=2.6V@VFSM=2.6V
401.23-1.25
mVVV
AM Station Detector by Smeter
VSDlVSDhVthsdminVthsdmaxVthsdstep
Low output level High output level
@SD pin@SD pin
050.32.550.15
VVVVV
Threshold level minimum T29<3:0>=0000Threshold level maximumThreshold level step
T29<3:0>=1111
AMAGC2 Time ConstantRagc2tc1Ragc2tc2AMIFNBWgateifnbVoffset0Voffset1Voffset2Voffset3
Width of gateRectifier offset0 Rectifier offset1 Rectifier offset2 Rectifier offset3
T31<3:0>=0000T31<3:0>=0001T31<3:0>=0010T31<3:0>=0011
12046100146
µsecmVmVmVmV
Time constant FAST modeTime constant Normal mode
Output resistance AMAGC1TCpin Output resistance AMAGC1TCpin
4.8150
kΩkΩ
15/74
TDA7514
Table 4. (continued)
SymbolVoffset4Voffset5Voffset6Voffset7Voffset8Voffset9Voffset10Voffset11Voffset12Voffset13Voffset14Voffset15Vdesens1Vdesens2Vdesens3Vdesens4
Parameter
Rectifier offset4 Rectifier offset5 Rectifier offset6 Rectifier offset7 Rectifier offset8 Rectifier offset9
Test Condition
T31<3:0>=0100T31<3:0>=0101T31<3:0>=0110T31<3:0>=0111T31<3:0>=1000T31<3:0>=1001
Min
Typ2122573123624394855415876537007558004.42.651.81.4
Max
UnitmVmVmVmVmVmVmVmVmVmVmVmVVVVV
Rectifier offset10 T31<3:0>=1010Rectifier offset11 T31<3:0>=1011Rectifier offset8 T31<3:0>=1100Rectifier offset9 T31<3:0>=1101Rectifier offset10 T31<3:0>=1110Rectifier offset11 T31<3:0>=1111Desens threshold1 Desens threshold2 Desens threshold3 Desens threshold4
T31<5:4>=00T31<5:4>=01T31<5:4>=10T31<5:4>=11
3.3VCO, PLL AND XTAL OSCILLATORTable 5.
SymbolVCOFvcominFvcomaxVosc
Minimum VCO frequencyMaximum VCO frequencyLevel of oscillation
VCC=8.5VVCC=8.5V
@200MHz, ( RF=89.3MHz )VCOB , Impedance of active probe is 0.7pF//1MΩ
155280105
MHzMHzdBµV
Parameter
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Loop Filter Output VoltageVlpoutmin Minimum LPOUTVlpoutmaxXtal Oscillator
Vxtal
Oscillation level
@XtalD , with 3pF between
XtalD and XtalG, Set to 11.25pF
123.5
dBµV
Maximum LPOUT
VCC-0.05
0.058.45
VV
FXTALmaxFXTALminFXTALstep
Adjustment range maximumAdjustment range minimumAdjustment range step
+1.95-1.60124
kHzkHzHz
16/74
TDA7514
3.4STEREODECODER
Standard Conditions, unless otherwise indicated:
FM: Input at #TUNER_IN = 1 kHz at 450 mVrms, Input Gain setting = 0.5 dB, Deemphasis = 75 µs, RollOff Compensation set to give maximum stereo separation (note that this varies with VSBL setting)AM: Input at #TUNER_IN = 1 kHz at 1 Vrms, Input Gain setting = 0.5 dBTable 6.
SymbolVINRinGainGmaxGSTEPaSVRR
Parameter
MPX Input Level
Input Resistance (TUNERIN)Minimum Input GainMaximum Input GainStep Resolution
3035
Test Condition
Input Gain = 3.5dBFMAM
Min.70
Typ.0.5100300.55.751.7550550.0291
0.3Max.1.25130
UnitVRMSkΩkΩdBdBdBdBdB%dB
Max Channel SeparationSupply Voltage Ripple Vripple=100mV, f=1kHzRejection
THDTotal Harmonic Distortionfin=1kHz, monoS+NSignal plus Noise to Noise A-weighted, S=2VrmsNRatio
MONO/STEREO SWITCH (With InGain=5.75dB)
Pilot Threshold Voltagefor Stereo, PTH=1VPTHST1VPTHST0VPTHMO1VPTHMO0PLL
∆f/fCapture Range
DEEMPHASIS & HIGHCUT
Deemphasis Time Constants τDeempFM
FM; VLEVEL >> VHCHτDeempAM
Deemphasis Time Constants AM; VLEVEL >> VHCHPilot Threshold VoltagePilot Threshold VoltagePilot Threshold Voltage
for Stereo, PTH=0for Mono, PTH=1for Mono, PTH=0
80
10157100.5
15251219
25351725
mVmVmVmV%
Deemphasis=50µs, FMDeemphasis=75µs, FMDeemphasis=50µs, AMDeemphasis=75µs, AM
2550
507522.314.9550756290657570759584
75100
µsµskHzkHzVdBdBdBdBdBdBdBdBdBdB
REF5VInternal Reference VoltageCarrier and Harmonic suppresion at output
α19Pilot Signalα38Subcarrierα57Subcarrierα76SubcarrierIntermodulation
α2fmod=10kHz, fspur=1kHzα3fmod=13kHz, fspur=1kHz
4.7
f=19kHz, Deemphasis=75µs
f=38kHz, Deemphasis=75µsf=57kHz, Deemphasis=75µsf=76kHz, Deemphasis=75µs
40
5.3
Traffic Radio
α57Signalf = 57kHzSCA – Subsidiary Communication Authorization
α67Signalf = 67kHzACI – Adjacent Channel Interference
α114Signalf = 114kHzα190Signalf = 190kHz
17/74
TDA7514
3.4.1
NOTES TO THE CHARACTERISTICS
3.4.1.1Intermodulation Suppression
VO(signal)(at1kHz)
α2=----------------------------------------------------------------; fs=(2⋅10kHz)–19kHz
VO(spurious)(at1kHz)VO(signal)(at1kHz)
α3=----------------------------------------------------------------; fs=(3.13⋅kHz)–38kHz
VO(spurious)(at1kHz)
measured with: 91% pilot signal; fm = 10kHz or 13kHz.3.4.1.2Traffic Radio (V.F.) Suppression
VO(signal)(at1kHz)·
α57(VWF)=-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\"\"
VO(spurious)(at1kHz±23kHz)
measured with: 91% stereo signal; 9% pilot signal; fm=1kHz; 5% subcarrier (f=57kHz, fm=23Hz AM,m=60%)
3.4.1.3SCA ( Subsidiary Communications Authorization )
VO(signal)(at1kHz)
α67=----------------------------------------------------------------; fs=(2.38kHz)–67kHz
VO(spurious)(at1kHz)
measured with: 81% mono signal; 9% pilot signal; fm=1kHz; 10%SCA - subcarrier ( fS = 67kHz, unmodu-lated ).
3.4.1.4ACI ( Adjacent Channel Interference )
VO(signal)(at1kHz)
α114=----------------------------------------------------------------; fs=110kHz–(3.38kHz)
VO(spurious)(at1kHz)VO(signal)(at1kHz)
α190=----------------------------------------------------------------; fs=186kHz–(5.38kHz)
VO(spurious)(at1kHz)
measured with: 90% mono signal; 9% pilot signal; fm=1kHz; 1% spurious signal ( fS = 110kHz or 186kHz,unmodulated).
18/74
TDA7514
3.5Noise BlankerTable 7.
Symbol
Parameter
BLTHL=PEAK+VBE+VPROGTrigger Threshold 1) meas.with VPEAK=0.9V, InGain=5.75dB
VTR
111110101100011010001000
BLTHH=PEAK+VBE+m*(PEAK-1.5V)+m*0.56Vnoise controlled Trigger Threshold meas.with VPEAK=1.5V, InGain=5.75dB
00011011
Rectifier Voltage with InGain=5.75dB
VMPX=0mV
VMPX=50mV, f=150kHzVMPX=200mV, f=150kHz
Deviation dependent Rectifier Voltage
with VMPX=500mVrms & InGain=5.75dB
11100100
Fieldstrength controlled Rectifier Voltage
meas.with VMPX=0mV, VLEVEL<< VSBL (fully mono)
Suppression Pulse Duration FM Signal HOLDN in Testmode
1110010000011011
Noise rectifier discharge (2) adjustment Signal PEAK in Testmode
00011011
SRPEAK
Noise rectifier (2) charge Signal PEAK in Testmode
01
0.51.52
2602201801400.91.72.50.9(off)1.11.82.60.9(off)1.11.52.83825.53222inf.5633181020
1.32.12.9
mVOPmVOPmVOPmVOPVVV VOPVOPVOPVOP VVVVµsµsµsµs WMΩMΩMΩ mV/µsmV/µs
3035404550556065
mVOPmVOPmVOPmVOPmVOPmVOPmVOPmVOP
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VTRNOISE
VRECT
VRECTDEV
VRECTFS
TSFM
VRECTADJ
19/74
TDA7514
Table 7. (continued)
Symbol
Parameter
Noise rectifier adjustment through Multipath (2) Signal PEAK in Testmode
00011011
AM Noise Blanker
TDfc
AM delay time
Corner frequency of AM delay filterAM configuration
AM config
Old mode (signal dependant threshold)
New mode (fixed threshold), STDInGain must be 0.5dB
AM Noise Detector High Pass Frequency
fcHP
AM Noise Detector High Pass Filter Order
010100011011
Notes:
Test ConditionMin.Typ.0.30.50.70.9
Max.UnitV/msV/msV/msV/ms
VADJMP
1284
Noise dependent threshold
14010201st order2nd order1.28001.0640
µskHz
%kHzkHz
TSAM
Suppression Pulse Duration AM Signal HOLDN in Testmode
msµsmsµs
1.All thresholds are measured using a pulse with TR = 2 µs, THIGH= 2 µs and TF = 10 µs. The repetition rate mustnot increase the PEAK voltage.
2.By design/characterization functionally guaranteed through dedicated test mode structure
Table 8. Quality Actuators
SymbolStereo BlendVsbSTVSBLd
Vsb control voltage for full stereo
VSBL = 2V + (“d” factor) * 3VVSB Control Voltage for Full Monod factor
see below000001010011100101110111
2933384246505458
%%%%%%%%
5
V
Parameter
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
20/74
TDA7514
Table 8. Quality Actuators (continued)
Symbol
Parameter
Blend Adjustment
High Cut ControlVHCHa
VHCH = a * b * 4V(level = Smeter * 1.0)VHCH Shift “a” factor
see below0001001001001000
b
VHCH “b” factor
00011011
VHCL
9773503267758392
%%%%%%%%
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
The filtered Smeter input to the SNC detector has variable gain and offset. See SNC Detector specs.
VHC Control Voltage for FULL for HCC control from level (where level = Smeter * 1.0):Highcut RolloffVHCL = a * b * c * 4V
(or VHCL = c * VHCH)
for HCC control from SNC:VHCL = 2V + a * b * c * 3V
cVHCL “c” factor00011011
16.7022.2027.8033.3020kHz~4kHz10kHz~2kHz4kHz~800Hz4kHz~800Hz32
%%%%
fc range
HCC Filter cutoff frequency range
00
01
10
11
HCC step
Number of settings (per range)
21/74
TDA7514
Table 8. Quality Actuators (continued)
SymbolATTMAX/MIN
Parameter
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
The maximum high cut attenuation can be selected via I2C [addr 8C, subaddr 23d, bits D2 to D1].NOTES:
- The maximum high cut frequency setting can make the maximum attenuation lower than this. But then you effectively have a fixed rolloff filter, because the max high cut frequency will keep the hcc filter frequency from moving any higher, and the max high cut attenuation will keep the hcc filter frequency from moving any lower.
- Also, there is an alternative way of setting the maximum high cut attenuation, but only if a maximum high cut frequency does not need to be selected. The FAST3 can be set to limit the minimum high cut frequency [addr 8C, subaddr 25d, bit D6], then any of the 32 high cut frequencies can be selected to limit the max attenuation.Max/Min high Cut
Attenuation(at 10kHz)@ HCC range 20kHz~4kHz
00011011
Max/Min high Cut
Attenuation(at 10kHz)@ HCC range 10kHz~2kHz
00011011
Fixed Rolloff
-1.8-4.4-6.2-7.0-5.6-9.3-11.5-12.4
dBdBdBdBdBdBdBdB
There are two ways to set the HCC filter to a fixed filter (there will be no dynamic movement of the filter). Both of these will set the filter to the corner frequency selected in the Max/Min High Cut Frequency [addr 8C, subaddr 25d, bits D4 to D0].
1) Set the FAST3 to Fixed High Cut ON [addr 8C, subaddr 25d, bit D7]. 2) Turn High Cut OFF [addr 8C, subadress 23, bit D0] and Fix Maximum High Cut Frequency [addr 8C, subaddr 25d, bit D6]
22/74
TDA7514
3.6AUDIO PROCESSOR
(VS = 8.5V; Tamb= 25°C; RL= 10kΩ ; all gains = 0dB; f = 1kHz; unless otherwise specified)Table 9.
Symbol
INPUT SELECTOR
RinVCLSINGIN MINGIN MAXGSTEPVDCVoffsetRinGQDSymbolCMRR
Input ResistanceClipping levelInput SeparationMin. Input GainMax. Input GainStep ResolutionDC Steps
Adjacent Gain StepsGMIN to GMAX
Remaining offset with AutoZero
80-1130.5-5-10
All single ended inputs
70
10021000151160.5
+1171.5510130
kΩVRMSdBdBdBdBmVmVmV
Parameter
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
QUASI DIFFERENTIAL STEREO INPUT
Input ResistanceGain
Parameter
Common Mode Rejection Ratio
Test Condition
VCM=1 VRMS@ 1kHzVCM=1 VRMS@ 10kHz
eNO
Output Noise @ Speaker Outputs
20Hz-20kHz,flat; all stages 0dB
Min.4646
all inputs to ground
70
100-4Typ.706020
Max.130
kΩdBUnitdBdBµV
SINGLE-ENDED STEREO INPUT
RinGQDeNO
Input ResistanceGain
Output Noise @ Speaker Outputs
20Hz-20kHz,flat;all stages 0dB
70
1000TBD
130
kΩdBµV
DIFFERENTIAL MONO INPUT
RinGMDCMRR
Input ResistanceGain
Common Mode Rejection Ratio
VCM=1 VRMS@ 1kHzVCM=1 VRMS@ 10kHz
eNO
Output Noise @ Speaker Outputs
20Hz-20kHz,flat;all stages 0dB
4040
Differential
40
56-47060TBD
72
kΩdBdBdBµV
BEEP CONTROL
VRMSfBeep
Beep LevelBeep Frequency
all flatfBeep1fBeep2fBeep1fBeep2
TBD500123
mVHzkHzkHzkHz
23/74
TDA7514
Table 9. (continued)
LOUDNESS CONTROLSymbolAMAXASTEPfPeakLPFParameter
Max AttenuationStep ResolutionLPF Peak Frequency
fP1fP2fP3
fPeakLPF
HPF Peak Frequency
fP1fP2fP3fP4
VOLUME CONTROL
GMAXAMAXASTEPEAETVDC
Max GainMax AttenuationStep ResolutionAttenuation Set Error
G = -20 to +15dBG = -79 to -20dB
Tracking ErrorDC Steps
Adjacent Attenuation StepsFrom 0dB to GMIN
SOFT MUTEAMUTETD
Mute AttenuationDelay Time
T1T2T3T4
VTH LowVTH HighCRANGEASTEPfc
Low Threshold for SM PinHigh Threshold for SM Pin
2.580
0.480.9620.240.4
1
dBmsmsmsmsVV
0.10.5
14-830.5
15-791
16-751.524235
dBdBdBdBdBdBmVmV
Test Condition
Min.-210.5
Typ.-19132.54015046810
Max.-171.5
UnitdBdBHzHzHzkHzkHzkHzkHz
BASS CONTROL
Control RangeStep ResolutionCenter Frequency
fC1fC2fC3fC4
QBASS
Quality Factor
Q1Q2Q3
±140.55472901170.91.11.3
±151608010013011.251.5
±161.566881101431.11.41.7
dBdBHzHzHzHz
24/74
TDA7514
Table 9. (continued)
Symbol
Parameter
Q4
DCGAIN
Bass-DC-Gain
DC = off
DC = on (shelving filter) @ gain = ±15 dB
TREBLE CONTROLCRANGEASTEPfc
Clipping LevelStep ResolutionCenter Frequency
fC1fC2fC3fC4
SPEAKER ATTENUATORS
RinGMAXAMAXASTEPAMUTEEEVDCCHIME INPUT
G
Gain to speaker outputs
-19
dB
Input ImpedanceMax GainMax AttenuationStep ResolutionMute AttenuationAttenuation Set ErrorDC Steps
Adjacent Attenuation Steps
0.1
3514-830.580
5015-79190
256516-751.5
kΩdBdBdBdBdBmV
±140.58101214
±1511012.51517.5
±161.512151821
dBdBkHzkHzkHzkHz
Test Condition
Min.1.8-1
Typ.20±10
Max.2.2+1
dBdBUnit
AUDIO OUTPUTS
VCLROUTRLCLVACVDCGENERAL
eNOS/NdSc
Output NoiseSignal to Noise RatioDistortion
Channel Separation Left/Right
BW=20Hz to 20 kHz all gain = 0dB
all gain = 0dB flat; Vo=2VRMSVIN=1VRMS; all stages 0dB
80
201000.005100
0.1
µVdB%dB
Clipping levelOutput impedanceOutput Load ResistanceOutput Load CapacitorAC gain
DC Voltage Level
3.8
44.0
4.2
2
10
d = 0.3%
1.8
230
100
VRMSWkΩnFdBV
25/74
TDA7514
4
I2C-BUS INTERFACE
The TDA7514 supports the I2C-Bus protocol. This protocol defines any device that sends data onto thebus as a transmitter, and the receiving device as the receiver. The device that controls the transfer is amaster and device being controlled is the slave. The master will always initiate data transfer and providethe clock to transmit or receive operations. The TDA7514 is always a slave.
4.1Data Transition
Data transition on the SDA line must only occur when the clock SCL is LOW. SDA transitions while SCLis HIGH will be interpreted as START or STOP condition.
4.2Start Condition
A start condition is defined by a HIGH to LOW transition of the SDA line while SCL is at a stable HIGHlevel. This \"START\" condition must precede any command and initiate a data transfer onto the bus. Thedevice continuously monitors the SDA and SCL lines for a valid START and will not response to any com-mand if this condition has not been met.
4.3Stop Condition
A STOP condition is defined by a LOW to HIGH transition of the SDA while the SCL line is at a stableHIGH level. This condition terminates the communication between the devices and forces the bus inter-face of the device into the initial condition.
4.4Acknowledge
Indicates a successful data transfer. The transmitter will release the bus after sending 8 bits of data. Dur-ing the 9th clock cycle the receiver will pull the SDA line to LOW level to indicate it receive the eight bitsof data.
4.5Data Transfer
During data transfer the device samples the SDA line on the leading edge of the SCL clock. Therefore, forproper device operation the SDA line must be stable during the SCL LOW to HIGH transition.
4.6Device Addressing
To start the communication between two devices, the bus master must initiate a start instruction se-quence, followed by an eight bit word corresponding to the address of the device it is addressing.The TDA7514 addresses are: C4 HEX (Section 1 write), C5 HEX (Section 1 read), 8C HEX (Section 2write), 8D HEX (section 2 read).
The TDA7514 connected to the bus will compare its own hardwired addresses with the slave address be-ing transmitted, after detecting a START condition.
After this comparison, the TDA7514 will generate an \"acknowledge\" on the SDA line and will do either aread or a write operation according to the state of R/W bit.
4.7Write Operation
Following a START condition the master sends a slave address word with the R/W bit set to \"0\". The de-vice will generate an \"acknowledge\" after this first transmission and will wait for a second word (the sub-address field).
This 8-bit subaddress field provides an access to any of internal registers. Upon receipt of the word ad-dress the TDA7514 slave device will respond with an \"acknowledge\". At this time, all the following wordstransmitted will be considered as Data. The internal subaddress can be automatically incremented, ac-cording to the status of the \"Page Mode\" bit (Subaddress byte S5).
26/74
TDA7514
4.8Read Operation
If the master sends a slave address word with the R/W bit set to 1, the TDA7514 will transmit one 8-bitdata word (see the relevant tables in \"Register Organization\" section).Figure 3. Frame example
Section 1CHIP ADDRESSMSBS1100010LSBR/WACKMSB00IS4S3S2S1SUBADDRESSLSBS0ACKMSBDATA1 to DATAnLSBACKPSection2CHIP ADDRESSMSBS1000110LSBR/WACKMSB00IS4S3S2S1SUBADDRESSLSBS0ACKMSBDATA1 to DATAnLSBACKPS = STARTP = STOP
ACK = AcknowledgeI = Page Mode
Figure 4. Timing Diagram and Electrical Characteristics
tHIGHtRtLOWtRSCLtSU-STAtHD-DATtHD-STAtSD-DATtSUBTOPSDA INtAAtDHttxtSDA OUTD95AU37827/74
TDA7514
Table 10.
SymbolfSCLtAAtouttHD-STAtLOWtHIGHtSU-SDAtHD-DATtSU-DATtSU-DATtRtFISU-STOtDHVILVIHParameter
SCL Clock FrequncySCL Low to SDA Data ValidTime the Bus must be free for the New TransmissionStart Condition Host TimeClock Low PeriodClock High period
Start Conditions Setup TimeData Imput Hold TimeData Input setup TimeData Input Setup TimeSDA & SCL Rise TimeSDA & SCL Full TimeStop Condition Setup TimeData Out TimeInput Low VoltageInput High Voltage
3
4.7300
1
Test Condition
Min
Typ1003004.74.04.74.04.704.7250250
Max500
UnitkHznsµsµsµsµsµsµsµsnsµsµsµsnsVV
4.9Register Organization
Table 11. Section 1 (Turner)ADDRESS
MSBD71
D61
D50
D40
D30
D21
D10
LSBD0R/W
Table 12. SUBADDRESS
MSBS7X
S6X
S5autoincr
S4
S3
S2subaddress
S1
LSBS0
Table 13. READ MODE: ISS OUTPUTS)
MSBS7DEV+
S6DEV
S5AC
S4FS
S3SSTOP
S2MP
S1BW
LSBS0ON
28/74
TDA7514
Table 14. Address Organization (Tuner Section)
MSB
Subaddr.
01234567
FM VCO div
Set BP/HPII biquad
Set BP/HPI biquadtSAMPLE
counter LSB
IFC AM/FM
SoftMute to FM deviation
counter MSB
Set fc II biquad
LSB
D6
Current select
Function
Charge Pump Control and STBY
D7
STBYLock detenable
D5D4D3D2D1D0
Low current
Phase difference
thresholdcounter LSBcounter MSBcounter LSBcounter MSBFM FE slope adiust
High currentAM/FM
activation delay
fref VCOadj PLL Lock Detector,FM mode and BYPASSclockenabtests
PLL Counter 1 (LSB)PLL Counter 2 (MSB)
PLL Reference Counter 2 (LSB)PLL Reference Counter 2 (MSB)FM FE slope adjust
AM WAGC starting point, FM VCO divider
Quad adjch filter programming, IF Counter Control1
IF Counter Control 2 (central frequency and sampling time)IF Counter Reference (LSB)IF Counter Reference (MSB) and IF Counter Mode SelectAM NAGC threshold, AM VCO divider
Fast AGC AM fast AGC1, AM NAGC OGFF,
onAM UNAGC, WB audio gain
Soft Mute, adjacent channel muteQuality Detection: FSmetr offset
and gain (SNC), Multipath detector rectifier gain
AM WAGC starting point
Set fc I
FC enable
biquad
tCENTER
8∆f
91011
12AMVCO divAM NAGC threshold
1314
Not usedWB gainUNAGC threshold
FSmeter full mute level
FSmeter Offset
AdjCh mute thr
NAGC off
AdiCh full mute levelSoft mute thr
15
Qual. MultiPath detector rectifier
gain
FSmeter Gain
16ISSfilter test
Smeter 10ms/1sQuality AFcheckQuality fast testHCC source
Quality Detection: AdjCh detector
Qual adjacent
gain and offset, HCC source,
channel dtctor rect.
Quality fast test mode, AF check
gain
mode: ISS filter testFMIFAMP1 gain
FM IFAMP gains, ISScenter frequency, Smeter/ISS test connections
Qual AdjCh detector gain, seek mode, Qual AdjCh Rectifier
offset, PLL test MUXer, 456KHz VCO adjustment start
17
ISS test connectSet Gain in AdjCh II biquadManual/ENIFC
Smet test
ISS center frequency
connect
FMIFAMP2 gain
18
Enable
Quad AdjCh Rectifier VCO adj
seek
offsetstart
modemanual SET 456
iSS Smeter threshold
Smeter test MUXer
Manual VCO frequency
PLL test MUXer
1920212223
manual/ 456KHz VCO adjustment auto(manual mode)
FM Smeter stop threshold, ISS
Smeter Threshold
Smeter test MUXer, SD pin configuration
Seek, ISS adjacent channel detector
Fm mixer1 adjust, FM AGC
FM Smeter Stop threshold
Sd pin configurationISS AC filter modeFM mix phase adj
SEEKISS AC desens slope
ISS AC desens threshold
FM KAGC FM NAGC enablethr MSB
FM mix gain adj
29/74
TDA7514
Table 14. Address Organization (Tuner Section) (continued)
MSB
Subaddr.
2425262728
LSB
D6
D5
Clksep
QualityOut MP gain
Function
XTAL adjustment, clock sep
D7
not used
D4D3D2
XTAL adjustment
D1D0
Multipath detector, Quality outFMdemod ref frequency divider, FM AGC
FM demod fine adjust, FM demod noise blanker
Smeter sloder, External WB, testing
AM stop station, AM IF 2 Amplifier Gain
QualityOut AC gainFMNAGC threshold
LSDnot used
ISS MP rectifier gain
ISS/Quality MP
filtergain
FMWAGC thresholdFM demod ref frequency dividerFM demod fine adjustSmeter Slider
FM demod NB
Test disable EXT WB connectenable
AMIF 2AMP gain
29
FM
demod input
not used
AM FAST ARS ISS AGC2indicator
WX
narrow Sm &
AM Smeter Stop threshold
30IFT1 adjust
IFT adjust, AM fast AGC2, ARS, WB narrow Smeter/FCAM IF NB
31not used
AMIFNB Smeter dis
threshold
AMIFNB slow rect offset
Table 15. SUBADDRESS 0: Change Pump Control
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D300001
0011
01
01
0101
D200001
D100111
LSBD001011
High current = 0mAHigh current = 0.5mAHigh current = 1mAHigh current = 1.5mAHigh current = 7.5mALow current = 0µALow current = 50µALow current = 100µALow current = 150µA
Change cump current controllow current only
Automatic current controlTurner Stand-by Turner StandBy OFFTurner StandBy ON
FUNCTION
30/74
TDA7514
Table 16. SUBADDRESS 1: PLL Lock detector, FM mode and test
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBFUNCTIOND0
Charge Pump 0 VCO adjust lock Disable 1VCO adjust lock Enable
fref BYPASS Disable fref BYPASS EnableTurner/pll Am/fm ModeSelect AM modeSelect FM mode Lock Detector Control PD phase difference threshold 10ns PD phase difference threshold 20ns PD phase difference threshold 30ns PD phase difference threshold 40ns Notvalid Activation delay 4x1/fREFActivation delay 6x1/fREFActivation delay 8x1/fREFLock Detector On/OffLock detector doesn’t control charge pumpLock detector controls charge pump LSB
D6000-1111
D5000-1111
D4000-1111
D3000-1111
D2000-1111
D1001-0011
D0010-0101
LSB=0LSB=1LSB=2-LSB=252LSB=253LSB=254LSB=255
FUNCTION
01
01
0011
0011
010101
0101
Table 17. SUBADDRESS 2: PLL Counter 1 (LSB)
MSBD7000-1111
Table 18. SUBADDRESS 3: PLL Counter 2 (MSB)
MSBD7000-1111
D6000-1111
D5000-1111
D4000-1111
D3000-1111
D2000-1111
D1001-0011
LSBD0010-0101
FUNCTION
MSB=0MSB=256MSB=512-MSB=64768MSB=65024MSB=65280MSB=65536
Note: 1 Swallow mode:fVCO/fSYN = LSB + MSB + 32
31/74
TDA7514
Table 19. SUBADDRESS 4: PLL Reference Counter 1 (LSB)
MSBD7000-1111
D6000-1111
D5000-1111
D4000-1111
D3000-1111
D2000-1111
D1001-0011
LSBD0010-0101
LSB=0LSB=1LSB=2-LSB=252LSB=253LSB=254LSB=255
FUNCTIONFUNCTION
Table 20. SUBADDRESS 5: PLL Reference Counter 2 (MSB)
MSBD7000-1111
D6000-1111
D5000-1111
D4000-1111
D3000-1111
D2000-1111
D1001-0011
LSB D0010-0
MSB=0 MSB=256 MSB=512-
MSB=64768 1 MSB=65024
0 MSB=65280 1MSB=65536 LSB
FUNCTION
Note: 1 fVCO/fSYN = LSB + MSB + 1
Table 21. SUBADDRESS 6: FM FE Adjustment Slope
MSBD700-1
D600-1
D500-1
D400-1
D300-1
D200-1
D100-1
D001-1
α = 0 (-100%)α = 1-α = 255 (+99%)
Adjusted voltage:
without diode connected: Vout = (α /128) Vt
32/74
TDA7514
Table 22. SUBADDRESS 7: AM WAGC Starting point, FM VCO divider
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
AM Wide AGC Threshold@AMMIX1in
00000000000000001111111111111111
0011
01
0101
00000000111111110000000011111111
00001111000011110000111100001111
00110011001100110011001100110011
01010101010101010101010101100101
all offdivide by 2divide by 3divide by 3
phase (I) = -90° ≥ high side conversionphase (I) = +90° ≥ low side conversion
88.090.792.794.495.596.697.698.499.299.9100.6101.2101.7102.2102.7103.1103.6104.0104.4104.8105.1105.5105.8106.1106.4106.7106.9107.2107.5107.7107.9108.1
@SG88.090.792.794.495.596.697.698.499.299.9100.6101.2101.7102.2102.7103.1103.6104.0104.4104.8105.1105.5105.8106.1106.4106.7106.9107.2107.5107.7107.9108.1
FUNCTION
FM VCO divider control
33/74
TDA7514
Table 23. SUBADDRESS 8 : IF Counter Control 1 and AM S.S. Threshold
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
FUNCTION
01
IF Counter frequency window
000Notvalid001Notvalid010Notvalid011∆f = 6.25kHz (FM) 1kHz (AM UPC)100∆f = 12.5kHz (FM) 2kHz (AM UPC)101∆f = 25kHz (FM) 4kHz (AM UPC)110∆f = 50kHz (FM) 8kHz (AM UPC)111∆f = 100kHz (FM) 16kHz (AM UPC)
IF counter on/off
0IF counter disable/stand by1IF counter enable
Adjacent Channel programming
0Filter 1Fc = 80kHz1Filter 1Fc = 100kHz
0----Filter 2Fc = 110kHz1Filter 2Fc = 140kHz
0----Filter1HP
1Filter1BP -- --Filter2HP
Filter2BP
Table 24. SUBADDRESS 9: If Counter Control 2
MSBD7D6D5D400-00000011-1D300-11111100-1D200-00111100-1D100-11001100-1LSBD001-01010101-1FUNCTION------000011110011001101010101FM antenna adj (proportional to Vtuning)fcenter = 10.60625MHz (FM) 449KHz (AM)fcenter = 10.61250MHz (FM) 449KHz (AM) - fcenter = 10.66875MHz (FM) 458KHz (AM)fcenter = 10.67500MHz (FM) 459KHz (AM)fcenter = 10.68125MHz (FM) 460KHz (AM)fcenter = 10.68750MHz (FM) 461KHz (AM)fcenter = 10.69375MHz (FM) 462KHz (AM)fcenter = 10.70000MHz (FM) 463KHz (AM)fcenter = 10.70625MHz (FM) 464KHz (AM)fcenter = 10.71250MHz (FM) 465KHz (AM)-fcenter = 10.80000MHz (FM) 479KHz (AM)IF counter time windiwtsample = 20.48ms (FM) 128ms (AM)tsample = 10.24ms (FM) 64ms (AM)tsample = 5.12ms (FM) 32ms (AM)tsample = 2.568ms (FM) 16ms (AM)tsample = 1.28ms (FM) 8ms (AM)tsample = 640µs (FM) 4ms (AM)tsample = 320µs (FM) 2ms (AM)tsample = 160µs (FM) 1ms (AM)34/74
TDA7514
Table 25. SUBADDRESS 10: IF Counter Reference (LSB)
MSBD7000-1111
D6000-1111
D5000-1111
D4000-1111
D3000-1111
D2000-1111
D1001-0011
LSBD0010-0101
LSB=0LSB=1LSB=2-LSB=252LSB=253LSB=254LSB=255
FUNCTION
Table 26. SUBADDRESS 11: IF Counter Reference (MSB) and IF Counter Mode Select
MSBD7
D6
D5000
---111
D4000-111
D3000-111
D2000-111
D1001-011
LSBD0010-1
MSB=0 MSB=256 MSB=512-FUNCTION
MSB = 15616 0 MSB = 15872
1 MSB = 16128 IF Counter Mode
not valid IF counter FM mode (10.7KHz)
IF counter AM mode (450KHz)not valid
0010
0100
Note: 1 fOSC/fTIM = LSB + MSB + 1
35/74
TDA7514
Table 27. SUBADDRESS 12: AM NAGC , AM VCO Divider
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
AM Narow band AGC Threshold@AMMIX2in
00000000000000001111111111111111
01
0011
0101
00000000111111110000000011111111
00001111000011110000111100001111
00110011001100110011001100110011
01010101010101010101010101100101
79.982.484.285.786.587.788.689.590.191.091.692.192.693.193.694.094.594.895.295.596.096.296.997.297.598.098.598.899.199.499.7100.0
50mV150mV
AM VCO divider mode
divide by 10divide by 8divide by 6divide by 4
@SG77.980.482.283.784.585.786.687.588.189.089.690.190.691.191.692.092.592.893.293.594.094.294.995.295.596.096.596.897.197.497.798.0
FUNCTION
FM Soft Mute to deviation threshold
36/74
TDA7514
Table 28. SUBADDRESS 13: AM Fast AGC1, AM Ultra NARROW BAND AGC, Weather Band Gain
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD001
01FUNCTION
AM fast AGC1
off (R =100 Kohm)on (R = 9 Kohm)
AM Narrow AGC disableNAGCon
NAGCoffAM Ultra Narrow Band AGC Threshold@ IF2AMPin@ SG
7667867792839081756685768879786974658374908179707364827387787768
Weather Band audio gain boostboost off (std audio gain)
boost on (audio gain x 15 = +23.5 dB)
0000000011111111
01
000011110000111100110011001100110101010101010101
Table 29. SUBADDRESS 14: Soft Mute, Adjacent Channel Mute
FUNCTION
Soft mute start/stop point (FM, AM) (*)VSmeterL=0,VSmeterH=0.6VSmeterL=0.2, VSmeterH=0.6VSmeterL=0.5, VSmeterH=1.4VSmeterL=1.0, VSmeterH=1.4
Adjacent channel mute start/stop point (FM)
VAdjChH=4.5VAdjChL=1,
VAdjChH=4.5VAdjChL=2
Full soft mute level
-4dB
(step = -2.5dB)-21.5dB
Full adjacent channel mute level
0dB-6dB-9dB-12dB
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D10011
01
0-1
0011
0101
0-1
0-1
LSBD00101
(*) Cfr. byte 20 for dependancy of ISS Smeter threshold on byte 14 programming
37/74
TDA7514
Table 30. SUBADDRESS 15: Quality detection: gain and offset on FSmeter (SNC), multipath
detector rectifier gain
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D30-1
D20-1
D10-1
LSBD00-1
FUNCTIONFSmeter gain (SNC)
0dB
(step = 0.15)2.25 dB
FSmeter offset (SNC)1.8 V2.4 V
Multipath detector rectifier gain5dB
(step = 1.2dB)+13.4 dB
0
1
0-1
0-1
0-1
Table 31. SUBADDRESS 16: Quality Detection: Adjacent channel detector, HCC source, Quality
fast test, Quality AF check, ISS filter test
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D10011
01
01
LSBD00101
FUNCTION
Qual adjacent channel detector rectifier gain12 dB17.3 dB18.4 dB20 dB
High cut control source
SNC FSmeter
Quality filters fast test mode
Test mode off
Test mode onfilt Smeter tau = 100 us
SNC filt internal 22 pF
Quality filters AF check freeze mode
AF check off
AF check onfilt Smeter tau = 100 us
60ms/1s Smeter filt freezeMPath filt for StBlend freeze
USN filt for StBlend/AdjChMute freezeSmeter filter time constant
1s10 ms
ISS filter test
ISS filter input
std
filter in connected to Smeter test MUXer
ISS filter clock enable
clock off (test mode)clock on (std)
01
01
01
01
38/74
TDA7514
Table 32. SUBADDRESS 17: FM IF AMP Gain, ISS center frequency, Smeter / ISS test connections
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
FM IF Amp1 gain
0011
0101
14 dB18 dB21.5 dBnot used
FM IF Amp2 gain (10.7 MHz) [byte<28>bit<6>=0]
0011
0101
(7 dB) not used9 dB11 dB15 dB
FM IF Amp2 gain (450 kHz) [byte<28>bit<6>=1]
0011
0101
7 dB7 dB9 dBnot used
ISS filter center frequency
0101
0011
430 kHz440 kHz450 kHz460 kHz
Unfiltered Smeter test connection
01
std
unfilt Smeter users connected to #ACinLunfilt Smeter source disconnected form users
ISS test MUXer connection
01
std
ISS test MUXer (TMODE1) connected to #SMETERTCSmeter filt (60ms/1s) R disconnected from #SMETERTC
FUNCTION
39/74
TDA7514
Table 33. SUBADDRESS 18: PLL Test, 456KHz VCO Adjust Start, ISS MP Gain and SD OUT MODE
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
PLL TEST \"testdout1\" (pin #LFHC)
00001111
00110011
01010101
no test
fref [ref freq divid out]fsyn [VCO freq div out]phi [VCO prescal out]psm [prescal reset]phifsyn
sstop (cntres), fsyn
output, 3Voutput, 3Voutput, 3Voutput, 3Vinput, 3/5Vinput, 3/5Vinput, 3/5V
FUNCTION
PLL TEST \"sstop\" (pin #SD)
(byte<21>bit<10>=01
00001111
00110011
01010101
no testifrefzeroonestimifcoutfsyn
ltst (lock det test)inlock
output, 3Voutput, 3Voutput, 3Voutput, 3Voutput, 3Voutput, 3Voutput, 3Voutput, 3V
456 kHz self-adjustment state machine
001
if byte<19>bit<0>=0 and byte<1>bit<0>=0WaitingSTART
Adjacent Channel detector rectifier offset
0011
0101
0.39 V0.78 V1.14 V1.49 V
Quality Seek Mode
01
fs
Enable seek mode
AdjCh detector filter gain
01
Filter 2 Gain = 8.5 dBFilter 2 Gain = 14.5 dB
40/74
TDA7514
Table 34. SUBADDRESS 19: 456KHz VCO Adjustment (manual mode)
MSBD701
01
01-10-01
00-10-11
00-10-11
00-10-11
00-01-11
VCO 456KHz frequency adjust mode01
Manual adjustment procedure (I2CBUS)
Automatic adjustment procedure (State Machine)
maxfreq
VCO 456KHz frequency adjust (I2CBUS) Enable 456KHz VCO adj procedure (I2CBUS)
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
Enable IFC (I2CBUS)
OFFONOFFONminfreq
FUNCTION
Table 35. SUBADDRESS 20 : FM Smeter stop threshold, ISS Smeter threshold.
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D30-1
0-01-1
0-10-1
0-10-1
0-10-1
D20-1
D10-1
LSBD0
FM Smeter Stop Station threshold0-1
400 mVstep 200 mV3400 mV
FM ISS Smeter threshold (∆ from Softmute thresh. (*)).0mVstep 67 mV467 mV0mV--467mV
FUNCTION
(*) Threshold is programmed by byte 14 bits<1:0> according to the following table:
Table 36. SUBADDRESS 14: Soft Mute
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D10011
LSBD0
Soft mute threshold0101
0.3V0.4V1.6V1.8V
FUNCTION
41/74
TDA7514
Table 37. SUBADDRESS 21 : SD pin configuration, Smeter test MUXer
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D10011
LSBD0
SD pin configuration 0IFC AND FS Stop Station (output)1 IFC (output)
0FS Stop Station (output)1 test (tristate) pin #SD used as: SMETER TEST MUXER testoff AMAGC1WOFFSET AMAGC1NOFFSETAMAGC1UNOFFSETFM MULTIPATH PEAKFMSDTHR AMIF2AMPOUTAMSDTHR FMW/KAGCOUT not used
FMDEMODADJOUT FMDEMODA DJMUTEOUT INLOCK FM SMETERISSON THRFM SMETERISSON BIT
FM ISSFILTER INPUT (OUT) [if byte<16>bit<6>=1]456KVCOADJ SET456 BIT456KVCOADJENIFCBIT456KVCOADJ CHECK BIT456KVCOADJQ21BITFMSMETERUNFILTEREDQUAL SMETERX1QUALSMETER1msQUALUSNSTDNOISE
FM ADJCHMUTE REFFMSOFMUTEREF
AM IFNBSMETERtoSD COMMAND [must put SD in tristate]AMIFNBFASTRECTOUTAMIFNBSLOWRECTOUTAM IFNB BLANK PULSEAM IFNB SMETDESENS THRFMNAGCOUT
output from ISS AC det
output from ISS MP detinput to ISS AC driver
input to ISS MP driverFUNCTION
000000000000000000000000000000001
000000000000000011111111111111110
000000001111111100000000111111110
000011110000111100001111000011110
001100110011001100110011001100110
010101010101010101010101010101010
42/74
TDA7514
Table 38. SUBADDRESS 22: Seek, ISS Adjacent Channel Detector
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
FUNCTION
ISS adjacent channel detect. filter shapeFilt1Filt2FoQHPHP1302.3BPHP1007.7BPBP1772.0BPBP1008.4ISS adjacent channel detect. filter gain23 dB29 dB
ISS adjacent channel detect. filter desens threshold at weak field strength0.25 V0.8 V1.3 V1.8 V
ISS adjacent channel detect. filter desens slope at weak field strengthmin--maxSeekFMAM AGC2 tauSeek OFF--Seek ONISS disableshort
0011
01
0101
00110101
0011
01
0101
Table 39. SUBADDRESS 23: FM mixer1 adjust, FM AGC
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3000-011-1
0011
x
01
0101
D2000-100-1
D1001-100-1
LSBD0010-101-1
-7°-6°-5°-0°+1°+2°-+8°
FM mixer1 gain adjust.
0%-1%1%0%
FM NAGC threshold MSB (LSB in byte 26)FM AGC topologyNAGC on, KAGC offNAGC off, KAGC on
FUNCTION
FM mixer1 phase adjust.
43/74
TDA7514
Table 40. SUBADDRESS 24: XTAL adjustment, clock sep
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
XTAL ajustment
capacitors from XTALG to gndfrom XTALD to gnd
0pF0pF
1.25pF
2.5pF5pF10pF20pF38.75pF
XTAL test
01
std xtal clockclocksep (test on)
FUNCTION
ISS/quality MPath det. filter gain
0011
0101
0011
0011
0101
0101
0011
0101
-7.2dB
4.3 dB 6.5 dB 10.4 dB ISS MPath det. rectifier gain 6 dB 12 dB18 dB21.5 dB
Quality out MPath gainoff-4dB0 dB+4dB
Quality out AdjChann gainoff-4dB0 dB+4dB
1.25pF2.5pF5pF10pF20pF38.75pF
FUNCTION
0000011
0000101
0001001
0010001
0100001
Table 41. SUBADDRESS 25 : Multipath DETECTOR, QUALITY OUT
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
44/74
TDA7514
Table 42. SUBADDRESS 26: FM Demod Ref Frequency Test, FM AGC
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D200001111
0-0-1
0-10-1
0-00-1
0-1-1
0-0-1
D100110011
LSBD0
FM demod ref frequency divider01010101
640.6 kHz
602.9 kHz569.4 kHz539.5 kHz512.5 kHz488.1 kHz465.9 kHz (std)
445.7 kHz
FM WAGC starting pointmininums.p.-std-maximum s.p.
FM NAGC starting point LSB (MSB is bit 6 byte 23)minimum s.p. (with MSB = 0)-std (with MSB = 0)(with MSB = 1) -maximum s.p. (with MSB = 1)
FUNCTION
Table 43. SUBADDRESS 27: FM Demodulator Fine Adjust , FM Demodulator Noise Blanker
MSBD7
D6
D5
D400-01111
0011
0101
D300-100-1
D200-100-1
D100-100-1
LSBD0
FM audio demodulator current adjust
01-101-1
+0uA+0.167 µA-+2.51 µA-0 µA-0.167 µA--2.51 µA
FM Demodulator Noise BlankerNBoffsetting 1setting 2setting 3
FUNCTION
45/74
TDA7514
Table 44. SUBADDRESS 28 : Smeter slider, External WB, testing
MSBD7
D6
D500-011-1
01
D400-100-1
D300-100-1
D200-100-1
D100-100-1
LSBD001-101-1
FUNCTION
Smeter slider FMAM0mV0mV+46mV+39mV--+1420 mV+1215 mV0mV0mV-46 mV-39 mV---1420 mV-1215 mVExternal WB filter onstd FM (no ext. WB filter)
external WB filter enabled; must also program ISS on APSDlatch 23 bit 1 = 1FM demod Vout teststd
test; disconnect FM demod Vout from users
01
Table 45. SUBADDRESS 29: AM stop station, AM IF 2 Amplifier Gain
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3000-1
D2000-1
D1001-1
LSBD0
AM Stop Station threshold010-1
2550 mV300 mV450 mV600 mV
FUNCTION
AM IF AMP Gain (AM mode) FM demodulator input [dB]connection (bit 5)
0000111100001111
0011001100110011
0101010101010101
0000000011111111
Not used (31.1)67.670.674.772.275.676.978.875.377.778.780.279.380.781.382.3
450 kHz limiter
stereo dec. 456 kHz VCO (test)450 kHz limiter
stereo dec. 456 kHz VCO (test)………………………………
46/74
TDA7514
Table 46. SUBADDRESS 30: IFT Adjust, AM Fast AGC2, ARS, WB Narrow Smeter/IFC
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D300-01
D200-11
D100-11
LSB
FUNCTION
D0 0 IFT1 Adjust0 pF 10.55 pF- - 1 7.7pF1 8.25 pF WX narrow SM&IFC off on ARS - ISS indicator off on AM fast AGC2 enable off
on -> (if Vaudio-Vref > 1.5 V then fast on)
01
01
01
Table 47. SUBADDRESS 31 : AM IF NB
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D30000000011111111
0011
0101
D20000111100001111
D10011001100110011
LSBD0
AM IF NB threshold
0101010101010101
0mV46mV100mV146mV212mV257mV312mV362mV439mV485mV541mV587mV653mV700mV755mV800mV
AM IF NB disable threshold
4.4V2.2V0.5VOFF
FUNCTION
47/74
TDA7514
4.10Section 2 (Stereodecoder, Audioprocessor + Tuner)Section 1 (Turner)Table 48. ADDRESS
MSBD71
D60
D50
D40
D31
D21
D10
LSBD0R/W
Table 49. SUBADDRESS
MSBS7testcon
S6azhold
S5autoincr
S4
S3
S2subaddress
S1
LSBS0
4.11READ MODE: ISS OUTPUT
MSBS7
S6
S5
S4
S3
S2
S1STEREO
LSBS0SMON
SMETER ADC
Table 50. AUDIO PROCESSOR / STEREO DECODER - RELATED BYTES
MSB
Subaddr.
012345678910
LSB
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
source selector
volume steps
loudness gain pass corner frequency
treble center frequencybass quality factor
loudness stepstreble stepsbass steps
Speaker stepsSpeaker stepsSpeaker stepsSpeaker steps
bass DC cut
bass center frequency
mute (*)
soft mute timeloudness low pass corner frequency
mute (*)
Function
D7
loudness gain correctionlsoft stepsoft stepspeaker couplingsoft stepsoft stepsoft stepsoft stepsoft steprear seat audio on
D0
Source selector,VolumeloudnessTrebleBass
Speaker Left FrontSpeaker LRight FrontSpeaker Left RearSpeaker Right Rear
Configuration Audio Processor 1
input gain
loudness
rear seat audio selector
freq. resp.
beep frequencyde-emph time constant
pilot threshold
AZ onNB peak charge cur
soft step time
loudness Configuration Audio Processor IItreble boostmute (*)
Configuration Audio Processor III
11
chime dis
RRforce monoNB AM HPFcorner
LRNB AM fix threshold
RF
LF
12Std In Gainroll-off compensation
mute (*)Stereo decoder II, NB II
Stereo decoder III, NB IV
13
NB dis.
MP infl. on NB AM
from MP
NB enableHPF order
(test)
48/74
TDA7514
Table 50. AUDIO PROCESSOR / STEREO DECODER - RELATED BYTES
MSB
Subaddr.
141516
LSB
D6
D5
NB on
Function
NB III
Stereo decoder III, NB IV
D7
NB time
Strong MP infl. on NB enableAM/FMfor STDHC fixedAP test on
D4D3D2D1
NB low threshold
D0
NB overdev-contr thr.NB noise-contr. thr.
MP infl. on NB
VHCL
HC from SNC/levAM 7.2kHz LPF
Std test muxer
VHCHNB level-contr. thr.
VHCH shiftmax HCNB Smeter thresholds
HC corner freq.
HCenableStereo decoder IV, NB VSTD in switch
AM/FM mode selection, Stereo
decoder V, NB VIStereo decoder VI
171819
ADC onHC min/maxVCO on
ext. clockStd testonAPSD test
TUNER-RELATED BYTES
20
\"ac+\" - \"ac\" thresholds differenceISS MP defeat ACnot usednot used
not used
\"ac\" threshold
not used
ISS
20KHz onISS: Adjacent Channel detectorISS MP ISS: Multipath detectorctrl on
2122232425262728
not usedISS MP threshold\"dev\" threshold
not used
dev+/dev thresholds
rationot used
peak detector discharge currentISS: Deviation detectorISS 80/120
ISS ON
ISS enable
ISS FilterISS test
ISS filter control matrixISS filter control matrixISS filter control matrixVSBL generation, HC range
ISS time constant
MP/AC test switch
ISS filter control matrixISS filter control matrix
not usednot used
not usednot used
not usednot used
HC range
ISS test multiplexing
ISS filter control matrix
VSBL
Table 51. SUBADDRESS 0: Input selector
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D200001111
00-11
01
00-11
00-11
01-01
D100110011
LSBD001010101
FUNCTION
Source Selector
Quasi differential input Mono differential input Single ended inputTurnerTurner
internal beepmute
not allowedInput Gain0dB1dB -14dB15dB
Loudness filter gain correctionhigher gainlower gain
49/74
TDA7514
Table 52. Subaddress 1,4,5,6,7: Volume Spkr atten. LF, RF, LR, RR
MSBD7
D60-0000-0-0-1-1-11
01
D50-0000-1-1-0-0-01
D40-0011-0-1-0-1-1X
D31-0000-0-0-0-0-1X
D21-0000-0-0-0-0-1X
D11-0000-0-0-0-0-1X
LSBD0
Gain/Attenuation1-1001-0-0-0-0-0X
15dB - 1dB -1dB
- -16dB -0dB-32dB--48dB--64dB--79dBmute
Bass filter DC modeSoft Step On/OffOnOff0dB
FUNCTION
Table 53. SUBADDRESS 2: Loudness
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4000.11
D3000.00
D2000.01
D1001.10
LSBD0
Attenuation
010.10
0dB-1dB-2dB.-19dB-20dB
all higher values not allowedLoudness High Pass Corner Freq.
0011
01
0101
4kHz6kHz8kHz10 kHz
Soft Step On/OffOnOff
FUNCTION
50/74
TDA7514
Table 54. Subaddress 3: Treble Filter
MSBD7
D6
D5
D400-0011-11
0011
01
0101
D300-1111-00
D200-1111-00
D100-1111-00
LSBD0
Gain/Attenuation01-0110-10
-15dB-14dB--1dB0dB0dB1dB--14dB-15dB
Center Frequency10.0kHz12.5kHz15kHz17.5kHz
Speaker CouplingExternal (AC)Internal (DC)
FUNCTION
Table 55. Subaddress 4: Bass Filter
MSBD7
D6
D5
D411-1100-00
0011
01
0101
D311-0000-11
D211-0000-11
D111-0000-11
LSBD0
Gain/Attenuation10-1001-01
-15dB-14dB--1dB0dB0dB1dB--14dB-15dB
Quality Factor1.001.251.502
Bass Soft Stepoffon
FUNCTION
51/74
TDA7514
Table 56. SUBADDRESS 9: Configuration Audio Processor I
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
FUNCTION
AP I2C Soft mute
0force AP I2C mute (*)
1allow AP mute from pin (*)
0
011
01
0011
01
01
(*) cfr. APSD MUTE table
0101
0101
Soft Mute TimeMute time = 0.48msMute time = 0.96msMute time = 20.2 msMute time = 40.4 ms
STD mute ctrl.from AP muteenabled (*)disabled (*)
Bass Center frequency60 Hz80 Hz100 Hz130 Hz
Bass DC cutonoff
Rear seat audioonoff
Table 57. SUBADDRESS 10: Configuration Audio Processor II
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD001
0011
0011
01
0011
0101
0101
0101
FUNCTION
Loudness Treble Booston (advise bit7 byte10 = 1)off (advise bit7 byte10 = 0)
Loudness Low Pass Corner Freq.32.5 Hz40 Hz150 Hz
Not used (150 Hz)Soft Step Time280 us560 us1.12 ms2.24 ms
Loudness Frequency ResponseFilteron
Filter flat (can be used as an attenuator)Rear Seat Audio Selectorquasi differential inputsingle ended inputtunermute
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Table 58. SUBADDRESS 11: Configuration Audio Processor III
MSBD7D6D5D4D3D2D1LSBD0010101010101FUNCTIONAPSD mute ctrl. from pinpin influence disabled (*)pin influence enabled (*)Chime mix Left FrontonoffChime mix Right FrontonoffChime mix Left RearonoffChime mix Right RearonoffAuto Zero enableoffon (0->1 causes AZ sequence to start; 1 enables sequence control from latch<0>)Beep Frequencies500 Hz1000 Hz2000 Hz3000 Hz00110101(*) cfr. APSD MUTE table
Table 59. SUBADDRESS 12: Stereodecoder
MSBD7D6D5D4D3D2D1LSBD0010011010101010101FUNCTIONSTD I2C mute (high-ohmic + PLL hold)force STD I2C mute (*)
allow STD mute ctrl. from pinSTD In Gain+5.75 dB+4.00 dB+2.25 dB+0.50 dBNB AM old mode (if AM=1)NB AM new mode (if AM=1)Force MonoMono/Stereo switch automaticallyNoise Blanker PEAK charge currentlowhighPilot detector thresholdhighlowDeemphasis time constant FM AM (dep. on source selector)50 us 14.9 kHz75 us 22.3 kHz01(*) cfr. APSD MUTE table
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Subaddress 13: Stereodecoder Noise Blanker
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
Roll Off Compensation
000.0.0111.1.1
000.1.1000.1.1
001.0.1001.0.1
010.0.1010.0.1
Not allowed7.2%9.4%.13.7%.20.2%Not allowed19.6%21.5%.25.3%.31%
NB AM High pass Frequency
01
10 kHz20 kHz
NB AM High pass filter order
01
First orderSecond order
Disable Noise Blanker @ MP > 2.5 V (test)
01
ONOFF
Multipath influence on fixed NB noise detector discharge resistor
01
disabledenabled
FUNCTION
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Table 60. SUBADDRESS 14: Noise Blanker
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D200001111
0011
01
0011
0101
0101
D100110011
LSBD0
FUNCTION
Low Threshold (FM)
01010101
320 mV260 mV200 mV140 mV
Noise blanker OFFNoise blanker ONOver deviation thresholdOver deviation adjust 2.8VOver deviation adjust 2.0VOver deviation adjust 1.2VOver deviation detector OFF
65 mV60 mV55 mV50 mV45 mV40 mV35 mV30 mV
Noise Controlled Threshold
(AM)
166%156%147%137%128%118%109%99%
Table 61. SUBADDRESS 15: Noiseblanker & High Cut
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D30001
D20010
D10100
LSBD0
VHCH Shift (\"a\" factor) (**)1000
97%73%50%32%
Strong multipath-controlled Noise Rectifier Discharge Resistor (if bit7 byte 16 = 1)
0011
0101
R = infinityR = 56MohmR = 33MohmR = 18MohmNoise Blanker TimeFM
0011
0101
34 us24 us29 us22 us
AM1130 us755 us950 us651 usFUNCTION
(**)cfr. HCC/SB threshold table
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Table 62. SUBADDRESS 16: Noiseblanker
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
High cut enable01
High Cut OFF (fixed to max corner freq.)High Cut ONMax. High Cut (***)
0011
0101
maxN\"4\"max N \"13\"max N \"20\"max N \"31\"
VHCH (\"b\" factor) (**)
0011
0101
67%75%83%92%
VHCL (\"c\" factor) (**)
0011
0101
20%25%30%35%
Strong multipath influence on rectifier discharge current
01
disabledenabled
FUNCTION
(**) cfr. HCC/SB threshold table
(***) lower limit for possible automatic HC filter position; frequency is given by the following formula:
fp=--------------------------1----------------------------N⎛111---------------+--------–---------⎞
⎝fmax31fminfmax⎠
with N given by the software table abovef the minimum HC filter pole frequency depends on the HC range selected (see byte 28 bits <4:3>)
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Table 63. SUBADDRESS 17: High cut, Noise Blanker, ADC, Stdec in Switch
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
Stereo decoder input switch01
0011
0011
01
01
01
(**) cfr. HCC/SB threshold table
FUNCTION
switch closed (signal can go into stereo decoder)switch open (signal can not gon into stereo decoder)Minimun and maximun Smeter thresholds for NB2.2 , 4.33.2 , 4.6 2.7 , 4.5
3.7 , 4.7
NB max PEAK value generated from Smeter1.8 V1.5 V1.1 VOFF
HCC threshold generation mode (VHCH, VHCL)(**)SNC OFFSNC ON
Smeter ADC operationADC Convert StopADC Convert Start
AM/FM mode selection for StereoDecoderFM modeAM mode
0101
0101
Table 64. SUBADDRESS 18: High Cut
MSBD7
D6
D5
D400.1
01
01
01
(***) High Cut LPF corner frequency formula:
fhicut = fmax / ( 1 + N / 7.75)with N = 0,1,..,31
and fmax = 4 kHz, 10 kHz or 20 kHz according to byte 28 bit 3 and 4
LSB
D300.1
D200.1
D100.1
D0
FUNCTION
Max/Min High Cut Frequency (***)
01.1
20kHz/10kHz.
4kHz/2kHzAM 7.2kHz LPF OFFAM 7.2kHz LPF ON
High Cut Filter limiting (AM)Fix Maximum High Cut FrequencyFix Minimum High Cut FrequencyFixed High Cut OFFFixed High Cut ON
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Table 65. SUBADDRESS 19: Stereo Decoder Test Multiplexer
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
FUNCTION
01
0000000011111111
01
01
0000111100001111
0011001100110011
0101010101010101
Stereo Decoder test signals0OFF1Test signals enabled (if D7 of subaddress is also) “1”
External ClockInternal ClockTest signalsVHCCH
SmeterforADCPilotMagnitude
VCOcontrolvoltagePilotThresholdHOLDN
NBThresholdF228VHCCLVSBL
LevelforNB HCC input PEAKSBinput REF5VF228 400kHz VCO OFFON OFF Audioprocessor test mode OFF
Enabled if D7 of subaddress is also “1”
Table 66. SUBADDRESS 20: ISS Weather Band Controls and Adjacent Channel thresholds
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD001
x
x
000-1
0011
0101
001-1
010-1
FUNCTION
ISS weather band
ISS filter 20KHz (weather band) OFFISS filter 20KHz (weather band) ONnot usednot used
\"ac\" threshold ( + Ref3V )0.25 V0.35 V0.45 V-0.95 V
\"ac+\" - \"ac\" thresholds difference0.0 V0.1 V0.2 V0.3 V
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Table 67. SUBADDRESS 21: ISS Multipath
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
LSBD0
Multipath control01
x
x
0011
x
x
01
0101
ONOFFnot usednot usedMP threshold0.50 V0.75 V1.00 V1.25 Vnot usednot used
MP=1 disables \"ac+\" detection
MP=1 disables \"ac\" and \"ac+\" detection
FUNCTION
Table 68. SUBADDRESS 22: ISS Deviation Thresholds
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D200001111
0011
0011
x
0101
0101
D100110011
LSBD0
peak detector discharge current01010101
6uA8uA10uA12uA14uA16uA18uA20uA
\"dev\" threshold30 kHz45 kHz60 kHz75 kHz
dev+ / dev thresholds ratio1.51.41.31.0not used
FUNCTION
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Table 69. SUBADDRESS 23: ISS Detector
MSBD7D6D5D4D3D2D1LSBD001
0101
00011xx0010101001FUNCTIONISS Enable (active low)ONOFF
ISS filter ON/OFF manual controlOFFONISS Filter Bandwidth manual control120 kHz80 kHz
discharge current;charge current mid; narrow1uA; 74uA; 124uA 3uA; 72uA; 122uA5uA; 70uA; 120uA 9uA; 66uA; 116uA 15uA; 60uA; 110uA
not used Table 70. SUBADDRESS 24: ISS Test
MSBD7D6D5D4D3D2D1LSBD0FUNCTIONISS test muxer selector (test signal at pin SMETERTC if bit7 byte17 tuner software is 1)MPthresholdACNthreshold(\"ac\"threshold)Dwthreshold(\"dev\"threshold)Dthreshold(\"dev+\"threshold)ACWthreshold(\"ac+\"threshold)acMDSCOISSoutdev+devrefdevDEMVoutoutput if bit 7 byte 28 tuner = 0input if bit 7 byte 28 tuner = 1ISS AC/MP test mode (pin SD)Internal AC signal is connected to QUALIDETECTOR AC input (normal mode)
Internal AC signal is output to pin SD (test mode) QUALIDETECTOR AC input is driven by internal AC signal (normal mode)
QUALIDETECTOR AC input is driven by pin SD (test mode)
Internal MP signal is connected to QUALIDETECTOR MP input (normal mode)
Internal MP signal is output to pin SD (test mode) QUALIDETECTOR MP input is driven by internal MP signal (normal mode)
QUALIDETECTOR MP input is driven by pin SD (test mode)
0000000111110001111000010110011001101010101010100101010160/74
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Table 71. SUBADDRESSES 25-27: ISS Filter Control Matrix
Strong field (Sm = 0)
Truth table for ISSonNo adjacent channelWeak adjacent channelStrong adjacent channelTruth table for ISS80No adjacent channelWeak adjacent channelStrong adjacent channel
small frequency deviation
0byte 25 / bit 0
1
small frequency deviation
0byte 25 / bit 5byte 25 / bit 7
medium frequency deviation
0byte 25 / bit 1byte 25 / bit 3
medium frequency deviation
0byte 25 / bit 6byte 26 / bit 0
large frequency deviation
0byte 25 / bit 2byte 25 / bit 4large frequency deviation
00byte 26 / bit 1
Table 72.
Weak field (Sm = 1)
Truth table for ISSonNo adjacent channelWeak adjacent channelStrong adjacent channelTruth table for ISS80No adjacent channelWeak adjacent channelStrong adjacent channel
small frequency deviation
111
small frequency deviation
byte 26 / bit 6byte 27 / bit 0
1
medium frequency deviation
byte 26 / bit 2byte 26 / bit 3
1
medium frequency deviation
byte 26 / bit 7byte 27 / bit 1byte 27 / bit 3
large frequency deviation
0byte 26 / bit 4byte 26 / bit 5large frequencydeviation
0byte 27 / bit 2byte 27 / bit 4
Table 73. SUBADDRESS 28: VSBL Generation, HC Range
MSBD7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D200001111
0011
0101
D100110011
LSBD0
VSBL (\"d\" factor) (**)
01010101
29%33%38%42%46%50%54%58%
High Cut filter range20 kHz - 4 kHz10 kHz - 2 kHz4 kHz - 800 Hz4 kHz - 800 Hz
FUNCTION
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Table 74. Audio Processor / Stereo Decoder Mute
BYTE 9BIT0000000000000000011111111111111
11BYTE 9BIT3000000001111111100000000111111
11BYTE 11BIT0000011110000111100001111000011
11BYTE 12BIT0001100110011001100110011001100
11pin5501010101010101010101010101010101statusAPmutemutemutemutemutemutemutemutemutemutemutemutemutemutemutemuteplayplayplayplaymuteplaymuteplayplayplayplayplaymuteplaymuteplaystatusSTDmutemutemutemutemutemutemuteplaymutemuteplayplaymutemutemuteplaymutemuteplayplaymutemutemuteplaymutemuteplayplaymutemutemuteplaybyte 12 bit 0 = 0 force I2Cbus STD mutebyte 9 bit 0 = 0 force I2Cbus AP mute
11 bit 0 = 1 AP / STD mute depends on pin
HCC control from SNCVHCH = 2V + 3V * a * bVHCL = 2V + 3V * a * b *cHCC control from level(level = Smeter * 0.7)VHCH = ab 4VVHCL = abc 4VSBL
VSBL = 2V + d 3V
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5FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
5.1FM TUNER SECTION
5.1.1FRONT END
The FM tuner section features an image rejection mixer. Its low noise figure allows connecting the antennato the mixer without any discrete preamplifier. The external preselection circuit can be realized with onetuned filter only. The filter can be electrically aligned by shifting the filter tuning voltage with respect to theVCO tuning voltage through an 8 bit DAC.
The mixer image rejection trimming is obtained by tuning the relative phase offset and relative gain of theI and Q mixer paths. The mixer output (common with the AM 1st mixer output) is connected to a tuned IFtransformer, with the possibility of electrically adjusting the center frequency through an internal 4 bit ca-pacitor bank.
The FM AGC can operate in two different software-selectable modes:
–Keyed Wide band mode: the AGC detects the strength of the wide band RF signal at the input of the1st mixer to activate the AGC attenuation; the starting point is programmable via software and is var-ied over a >40 dB range by the very narrow band Smeter signal in order to set a maximum suppres-sion limit that prevents the desired channel from decreasing below an acceptable level;–Wide band + Narrow band mode: the AGC detects the strength of both the wide band RF signal atthe input of the 1st mixer and of the narrow band IF signal at the output of the IFT1(both starting pointsare software-programmable); this mode allows a smooth transition between near adjacent and far ad-jacent suppression.
The AGC features a single current output used to drive the front end P-I-N diode attenuator.
5.1.2IF FILTERING
FM channel selection is mainly done by use of external ceramic filters. Two different software-program-mable configurations are available:
–normal FM mode: three ceramic filters can be connected using two impedance-matched IF amplifiers(both with programmable gains); the third ceramic filter is connected to the 2nd mixer input;–high-performance Weather Band applications: when an optimum Weather Band channel selection isrequired, the TDA7514 allows to connect a dedicated narrow band external 450 kHz ceramic filter toimplement this function. In this case only two 10.7 MHz ceramic filters can be connected for standardFM selectivity. The 1st ceramic filter is normally connected between the IFT1 output and the 1st IFamplifier input; the 2nd ceramic filter is connected between the 1st IF amplifier input and the 2nd mix-er input; the 450 kHz WB filter is connected between the 2nd IF amplifier output and the 2nd IF am-plifier input. Both the single standard FM IF amplifier gain and the 450 kHz WB filter driver IF amplifiergain are software programmable.5.1.3LIMITING AND DEMODULATION
The TDA7514 features a fully integrated FM demodulator which requires a lower IF than 10.7 MHz. There-fore a 2nd mixer is provided to down-convert IF1 down to 450 kHz. The 10.25 MHz frequency needed todrive the 2nd mixer is provided by the XTAL oscillator. Limiting is performed at IF2 through a 5 stage lim-iter. The demodulator exhibits a very linear frequency-voltage conversion. Precise cancellation of the de-modulator output voltage offset is available via software control especially for high audio gain WBapplications.
Field strength measurement (Smeter) is performed through use of a separate IF1 limiter and logarithmicamplifier. The IF1 limiter output is also used to feed the FM IF counter block.
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VARIABLE-BANDWIDTH SELECTIVITY SYSTEM (ISS)
The TDA7514 is equipped with the Intelligent Selectivity System that automatically performs IF bandwidthreduction in presence of strong adjacent channels or weak desired signal. A three position filter is availableat IF2; its bandwidth settings are: 120 kHz, 80 kHz and 22 kHz (the latter only for additional on-board WBfiltering). The filter is positioned between the 2nd mixer and the IF2 limiter. The filter is switched amongits OFF, 120 kHz and 80 kHz positions by a dedicated quality detection circuit.The conditions that are detected in order to drive the filter position are:–adjacent channel presence;
–peak frequency deviation magnitude;
–field strength.
The adjacent channel detection (programmable filter shape and gain, programmable rectifier gain, pro-grammable flag generation thresholds, programmable integrator charge/discharge currents) can be par-tially or totally disabled, if so programmed, when a strong multipath condition is detected (filter shared withquality circuits with programmable gain, independent rectifier with programmable gain, programmable in-tervention threshold). The adjacent channel detector is further disabled when the field strength is lowerthan a programmable threshold (slope programmable as well). The output of the detector are two flagssignalling a moderate or a strong adjacent channel presence.
The peak frequency deviation is detected by rectifying and peak-detecting the mono part of the MPX signal(programmable integrator charge/discharge currents, programmable thresholds). The deviation detectoris desensitized at weak field strength (programmable threshold). The output of the detector are two flagssignalling a moderate or high amount of peak deviation.
The field strength is measured against a programmable threshold and generates one flag.
These five flags are combined to control the ISS bandwidth by access to a 3-D matrix that can be pro-grammed almost completely: it is therefore possible to specify the filter bandwidth for almost all the pos-sible flag combinations.
The ISS filter may be disabled by setting the tuner SEEK bit to \"1\".
5.1.4SOFT MUTE AND MPX OUTPUT
The demodulator output is passed through muting attenuators before becoming available externally forthe connection to the stereo decoder. The muting and output buffering are shared with the AM circuit.The FM muting circuit is sensitive to weak field strength and to the presence of adjacent channel. Theweak field strength condition (soft mute) is detected by comparing the 1 second-filtered Smeter with a pro-grammable threshold. The soft mute depth and slope are software-programmable.
The soft mute is followed by the adjacent channel muting circuit. The presence of adjacent channel is de-tected as high frequency noise in the MPX signal, so that only the adjacent channel that is not suppressedby the ISS can activate this muting. The filter is described in the Quality section. It is desensitized underweak field strength conditions. The adjacent channel mute threshold/slope and depth are programmable.The output audio amplifier gain can be switched to a +23.5 dB setting in WB in order to equalize the FMand WB 100% modulation audio levels.
ISS-dependent automatic roll-off compensation is implemented before the output buffer.
5.1.5STATION DETECTION
The station detection function makes use of signal strength measurement and of IF counting. The resultis available on the SD pin as a logic high value when the tuned channel is considered valid. On the SD pinthe two field strength-related and IF counter output signals are also available separately by suitably pro-gramming the output multiplexer.
The field strength-related digital output is derived by comparison of the filtered Smeter (the time constantis 1s in reception and 100us in seek mode - see Quality section) with a programmable threshold.The FM IF counter circuit detects whether the IF signal is centered inside a programmable frequency win-dow around the nominal frequency value. The measuring time window is programmable as well. The result
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is available both on the SD pin and in the tuner I2C bus read byte.
5.1.6QUALITY
The FM quality section of the TDA7514 generates the control signals for all the quality-related functions.These quality signals are: filtered Smeter, adjacent channel content, multipath content. The controlledfunctions are: AGC keying, soft mute, adjacent channel mute, stereo blend, high cut, audio noise blanker.Externally available quality signals are also generated by this circuit. These signals are: filtered Smeter(analog and digital), adjacent channel content and multipath content.
External filtering to generate part of the quality signals uses external capacitors: the voltage values onthese capacitors can be kept stored during RDS AF update or fast charged when a new tuned frequencyis selected.
The Smeter filter uses an external capacitor to generate a low-pass time constant of 1 s in reception mode(10 ms for fast car-radio testing), and an all-internal circuit for a low-pass time constant of 100 us for RDSAF update. The voltage across the capacitor is stored during RDS AF update; it is fast charged followingthe 100 us-filtered signal during jumps to a new frequency. The 1s/100us Smeter is fed to the station de-tector, to the high cut filter, to the soft mute and to the A-to-D converter.
An internally filtered 1ms-time constant Smeter is further generated to drive the keyed AGC, the ISS andthe weak field filter desensitization circuits.
The stereo blend function is driven by a combination of weak signal strength-, adjacent channel- and mul-tipath-related information through the SNC (stereo noise control) signal. The SNC signal is a wired-OR ofthe three conditions and is generated with a peak holder featuring a 400 ms attack time constant and a 10s decay time constant. The Smeter contribution to the SNC is programmable in terms of gain and offset;the same is true for the two other bad quality indicators (filter shape, rectifier offset and gain are program-mable) keeping in mind that the adjacent channel filter and rectifier are shared with the adjacent channelmute circuit and that the multipath filter is shared with the ISS multipath detector. The voltage across theexternal SNC filtering capacitor is stored during RDS AF update, and is driven by a fast charge circuit dur-ing jumps to a new frequency. A fast car-radio test mode is also available in which the external capacitoris disconnected and substituted for by a much smaller internal capacitor.
A faster attack of the stereo blend function in case of sudden onset of adjacent channel or multipath con-ditions is ensured by actually driving the stereo blend circuit by a further wired-OR circuit sensing the SNCvoltage as well as the unfiltered multipath and adjacent channel rectifier outputs.
The quality signals available to the u-processor are: filtered Smeter (on the dedicated buffered SMETERpin), the multipath information (on pin QUALMPOUT), a programmable combination of multipath and ad-jacent channel information (on pin QUALACMPOUT), and 6 bit digitized filtered Smeter (via the tuner I2Cbus read byte).
5.2AM TUNER SECTION
5.2.1FRONT END
The AM tuner front end section consists of a high IP3 mixer whose outputs are common with the FM firstmixer.
After going through the first FM IF1 ceramic filter the signal enters the second mixer for conversion to thesecond IF of 450 kHz where channel selection takes place. The second mixer exhibits a high IP3 valuetoo, and has a fixed gain.
The front end AGC detects mainly a wide band signal (RF signal from the input pins of the first mixer) anda very narrow band signal (Smeter, generated by the signal at the input of the IF2 amplifier after channelselection has occurred). A third fairly narrow band input (IF1 signal from the input pin of the second mixer)is also available, although the first mixer-input-referred IP3 figures of the two mixers make this input gen-erally superfluous. The FE AGC starting points on all three input channels are programmable.
The FE AGC circuit drives the external attenuation P-I-N diodes and the external RF amplifier gain controlterminal.
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5.2.2IF NOISE BLANKER
An IF noise blanker circuit is present to detect and remove impulse noise especially at weak field strengthlevels. The noise spikes are detected at the output of the first mixer and noise cancelling takes place inthe second mixer. The necessary delay in the signal path is provided by the IF1 ceramic filter.
The detection circuit consists of an expressly-built IF1 limiter and Smeter detector (not the same used forFM Smeter generation), followed by a pulse detector. The sensitivity of the noise blanker is programmable.The IF NB is desensitized at high field strength (using the filtered Smeter) and the desensitization thresh-old can be programmed.
5.2.3IF AMPLIFIER AND DETECTOR
After channel selection by means of the IF2 ceramic filter, the AM signal is amplified by a very high gain(up to 70 dB, programmable) linear amplifier, and demodulated by an integrated quasi-synchronous de-tector. The phase information for the detector is derived from the IF2 limiter (shared with the FM signalpath) whose input is the IF2 amplifier input pin. The same IF2 limiter is used to generate the AM Smeterinformation since it uses a narrow band signal and is not subjected to AGC.The IF2 amplifier gain is controlled by the AGC2 loop.
The IF2 limiter output is also used to generate the input signal for the AM IF counter.
5.2.4AUDIO OUTPUT
The demodulated signal is buffered on the same output pin used for the FM MPX signal and is subjectedto the action of the soft mute circuit as well (programmable threshold/slope). The controlling signal for thisfunction is the filtered Smeter.
5.2.5STATION DETECTION
Station detection in AM is done evaluating the field strength and the IF2 signal frequency position.The field strength detector (sensing the filtered Smeter) has a programmable threshold.
The programmability of the IF counter is the same as for the FM IF counter, albeit with different centerfrequency, frequency window and sampling time programming.
The SD information or the single weak field strength information or IF counter result are available at theSD pin.
The Smeter is available both in analog format (buffered at the SMETER pin) and in a 6 bit digital format(tuner I2C bus read byte).5.3TUNING SECTION
5.3.1VCO AND DIVIDERS
One VCO is used for both AM and FM tuning. To implement the world tuning concept (one VCO applica-tion for all the geographical areas), the VCO runs at approximately 200 MHz. Digital dividers generate theLO signals suitable for the AM and FM 1st mixers.
The VCO itself is a two-pin base-input collector-output bipolar amplifier.
A first divider by 1, 2 and 3 is present to generate the FM LO frequency and to be fed to the PLL. A seconddivider by 4, 6, 8 and 10 is present to generate the AM LO frequency. For FM tuning it is possible to pro-gram whether the mixer works in high- or in low-side injection mode. A 90â phase shift circuit operated onthe output of the first divider to generate the I and Q portions of the LO for the FM image rejection mixer.5.3.2XTAL OSCILLATOR
A 10.25 MHz crystal oscillator is used to generate the reference frequency of the tuning PLL and of theswitched capacitor circuits of the TDA7514. The oscillation frequency can be finely adjusted by program-ming internal capacitors (5 bit).
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5.3.3PLL
Tuning is achieved thanks to a high speed PLL for fast RDS operation. The VCO input (after the first di-vider) is divided through a swallow counter-divider and compared to the divided 10.25 MHz reference fre-quency (fully programmable divider).
In FM the absence of a locked condition can be detected in order to automatically enable the charge pumpcurrent and loop filter bandwidth to increase in order to speed up the locking process. Automatic switchback to a lower charge pump current and narrower loop filter bandwidth can also be forced by the lockdetector, thus achieving a slower but less noisy operation of the tuning loop. Both the high and the lowvalues of the charge pump current are programmable.
Two separate loop filters can be used for optimized AM and FM operation.
5.3.4STEREO DECODER SECTION
The stereo decoder is crossed by both the AM and the FM signal. The AM signal is only low-pass filteredand subjected to audio noise blanking if necessary; the FM MPX signal is stereo demodulated, low-passfiltered and blanked against impulse noise if necessary.5.4FM MODE
5.4.1INPUT STAGE
The FM stereo decoder input stage provides a high-input impedance buffering. The input impedance isopened during the RDS AF update phase by software or external pin control (programmable function) inorder not to discharge the coupling capacitor placed between the tuner output and the stereo decoder in-put, and so speed up the return to normal listening.
The audio noise blanker circuit is fed from the stereo decoder buffer output: when the input impedance isopen during RDS AF update, the noise blanker is still able to work for a short period of time before thecapacitance associated with the buffer input stage is discharged.
During RDS AF update the output of the buffer is muted to avoid letting transient signals leak through theaudio processor section.
An additional input series switch has been added to perform the stereo decoder auto zero function (seealso Audio Processor section). This switch must be opened before selecting the tuner as the audio sourcein order to allow the stereo decoder internal filters to discharge before the offset measurement is per-formed.
The input buffer in FM mode is followed by an 80 kHz low-pass filter to remove high frequency noise.5.4.2PLL
The buffered MPX signal is fed to a 19 kHz-centered band-pass filter and subsequently to a PLL used toregenerate the 38 kHz carrier for stereo demodulation.
The PLL compares the pilot tone with the divided output frequency of an internal VCO running at 456 kHz,locking its operating frequency and phase to that of the pilot tone. The PLL status can be stored duringthe RDS AF update phase in order to speed up subsequent returning to normal listening conditions.Since the VCO tuning range is small, the VCO needs being adjusted to a setting that ensures lock isachieved when a pilot tone is present. On the current TDA7514 version it is necessary to perform thisalignment during the car-radio test phase, by injecting a 19 kHz tone into the stereo decoder and changingthe VCO programming until a lock condition is reached.
The presence of a stereo signal is detected in this block by measuring the peak value of the pilot tone andcomparing it with a programmable threshold. The resulting information can be read back via I2C bus (audioprocessor/stereo decoder I2C read byte).
5.4.3STEREO DEMODULATOR AND BLEND
The MPX signal is fed to the stereo demodulator where the L and R outputs are derived. In case of a stereotransmission in weak field or bad reception conditions (see FM tuner quality section) a gradual transition
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from stereo to mono is performed. The signal strength thresholds for the automatic stereo blend functionscan be set by programming the gain of the Smeter contribution to the SNC signal (compared to a fixedthreshold sets the full stereo point) and subsequently programming the voltage threshold against whichthe SNC signal is compared to set the full mono threshold.
In case the transmission is stereo, it is possible if so desired to set it to forced mono to improve the re-ceived SNR.
The TDA7514 stereo demodulator additionally performs the functions of roll-off compensation and pilotcancelling. The amount of the former is programmable. The latter function is activated when an FM MPXsignal with pilot tone is detected; the function is disabled in AM and in FM if no pilot tone is detected.5.4.4HIGH CUT AND DE-EMPHASIS FILTERS
The L and R signals are low-passed filtered by the high cut and, subsequently, by the de-emphasis filter.The high cut filter consists of a fixed resistor and a 5 bit digitally-controlled binary-weighted capacitor(whose value therefore changes between Cmin and Cmin + 32 x Cstep). The digital control is done byconverting the filtered Smeter into a 5 bit word. Programming the internal resistor value, three possiblecorner frequency ranges (800 Hz - 4 kHz, 2 kHz - 10 kHz, 4 kHz - 20 kHz) are available. It is possible toforce the actual range to be smaller than one of the above mentioned ones by setting:–the maximum capacitor value (4 position programmable control);
–a 5 bit word to be used as limit (32 possible values), in conjunction with a bit that sets whether thislimit is to be used as a maximum or as a minimum;–it is additionally possible, if so desired, to keep the high cut filter to a fixed position by sending theposition code in the previously mentioned 5 bit register and further setting a dedicated bit;–the high cut filter can also be defeated via a dedicated bit.
The controlling signal for this filter is chiefly the filtered Smeter. It is also possible to program the high cutcontrol input selector to use the SNC instead of the Smeter. The contributions to the SNC signal from theSmeter, adjacent channel and multipath detectors is the same as for the stereo blend function. The level\"0\" of the converted signal (corresponding to the maximum filter corner frequency) is obtained when thecontrol signal is equal to or greater than the programmable threshold VHCCH. The level \"31\" (correspond-ing to the minimum filter corner frequency) is obtained when the control signal is equal to or smaller thanthe programmable threshold VHCCL. Noise blanking is performed at this stage. \"Corners\" in the waveformdue to the holding action of the noise blanking circuit are smoothed by the successive de-emphasis filter.The fixed de-emphasis filter can be programmed to 75 us and 50 us; in AM mode it is shifted to a seventimes higher corner frequency.
5.4.5AM MODE
In AM mode the PLL is on though no pilot tone is present; the stereo demodulator is forced to work in themono configuration and the pilot canceller is off.
5.4.6INPUT STAGE
The only difference between the AM and the FM configuration of the input stage lies in the input imped-ance only (30 kOhm for AM, 100 kOhm for FM). The functions are identical.
5.4.7DELAY FILTER
The input stage is followed by a fourth order low-pass filter with a cut-off frequency of approximately 4 kHzand a delay of approximately 130 us whose main purpose is to generate the delay in the signal path nec-essary for audio noise blanking. The filter contributes to the low-pass filtering of the AM signal as well.5.4.8HIGH CUT FILTER
The high cut filter is AM can be used both statically by programming a fixed corner frequency (the 800 Hz–4 kHz range has been specifically designed for AM although it is available also in FM) or dynamically,exactly like the FM high cut filter. See the FM high cut filter section for further details.
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The de-emphasis filter is shifted to a seven times higher corner frequency in AM mode with respect to theFM mode.
5.4.9AUDIO NOISE BLANKER SECTION
The operation of the audio noise blanker varies in FM and in AM.
5.4.10FM MODE
The FM noise blanker triggering circuit acts as a peak-to-average detector on the high-passed MPX sig-nal. The input 140 kHz high-pass filter removes the desired audio part so that the impulse noise is moreeasily detected. The high-pass signal then follows two different paths:
–after rectification it is fed to one terminal of the trigger comparator; the impulse noise is present onthis path together with high frequency noise;–after rectification it is fed to a slow peak detector which is not able to follow the impulse noise butwhose output (PEAK signal) represents the white high frequency noise level; the output of the slowrectifier is the main input of the threshold generation circuit, whose output is applied to the secondterminal of the trigger comparator.
The threshold generation circuit generates a threshold as a monotonically increasing function of the PEAKsignal. The function can be programmed in its linear coefficient and in its second order coefficient.For superior performance in the dynamically changing car-radio environment the activation threshold isfurther influenced by three other parameters: field strength, FM frequency deviation and multipath pres-ence.
The influence of these parameters can be disabled and is programmable. The parameter influence on thenoise blanker sensitivity is as follows:
–field strength: when the field strength decreases the noise blanker less becomes less sensitive (atlow field strength white noise becomes higher and false triggering becomes more likely);–frequency deviation: if the FM frequency deviation is high, the noise blanker becomes less sensitive;this is due to the fact that a large deviation causes a high MPX level which in turn might not be reject-ed enough by the noise blanker detector input high-pass filter, thus causing false triggering;–multipath: the presence of a strong multipath condition increases the sensitivity of the noise blanker.The triggering comparator output activates a retriggerable monostable circuit whose output drives the\"Hold\" switch in the high cut filter section. The blanking time is programmable and the whole noise blankeraction is defeatable via software.
5.4.11AM MODE
In AM mode the noise blanker detector can operate in two different ways. For both modes the possibilityto low-pass the signal entering the noise blanker detector is foreseen (7.2 kHz LP filter software defeat-able), in order to be able to reduce the white noise effect on the detector that may lead to false triggering,especially for AM mode 1.
5.4.12AM MODE 1
This noise blanker operation mode is similar to the FM operation mode. The input audio signal taken be-fore the delay filter (see stereo decoder in AM) can be low-pass filtered (see AM mode description above)and is subsequently high-pass filtered with a filter programmable in terms of corner frequency and order.The resulting signal still contains the impulse noise information, high frequency noise (depending on theactivation of the 7.2 kHz filter) and audio (it is not possible to effectively eliminate all the audio contentbecause the AM channel bandwidth - determined by the IF2 ceramic filter - is barely wider than the signalbandwidth, and the spectral differences between the impulse noise and the signal are small).
The signal is then applied to the same peak-to-average detector that is used for FM; the difference is thatthe deviation detector is not influencing the threshold generation in this case. The noise blanking time, pro-grammable also for AM, is about 30 times longer than for FM.
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5.4.13AM MODE 2
In this operation mode the detector operates in a much more straightforward configuration: the instanta-neous AM audio level is compared with a fixed programmable threshold, and the comparison result acti-vates the retriggerable monostable. The advised programmed threshold corresponds to an equivalent140% AM modulation level.
5.5AUDIO PROCESSOR SECTION
5.5.1INPUTS
The audio processor input section features a main channel multiplexer, a rear channel multiplexer (RSA,Rear Seat Audio function), an input gain stage and autozero circuit.
The main channel multiplexer allows connecting the following sources to the main audio processing path:–1 quasi-differential source;–1 stereo differential source;–1 mono differential source;–tuner output (AM, FM);
–beep generator.
The RSA selector (see speaker output section) can connect the rear speaker outputs to the followingsources bypassing all the tone and volume control:–1 quasi-differential source;–1 stereo differential source;
–tuner output (AM, FM).
The different sources are subjected to the following input attenuations:–quasi-differential source: -4 dB–stereo differential source: 0 dB
–mono differential source: -4 dB.
The main channel signal path features an input gain stage (0..+15 dB, 1 dB step) to equalize the differentsource levels and the autozero circuitry that removes the DC offset generated between the input pins andthe input gain stage output.
The autozero procedure is automatically run every time byte 0 of the audio processor I2C software is ad-dresses, that is every time the main source is changed or the input gain is changed. In case the newsource is the stereo decoder the source change must be preceded by opening the stereo decoder inputfor a time long enough to discharge the stereo decoder internal filters (see stereo decoder input section).The same is true even when the source is switched from AM to FM and vice-versa. The autozero proce-dure can be manually activated through a dedicated bit, and can be prevented from running by setting adifferent dedicated bit. The beep generator is considered a main channel source, and it can generate a500 Hz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 3 kHz tone.
5.5.2SOFT MUTE
The input stage is followed by a soft mute stage aimed at automatically and smoothly driving the audioprocessor from its current state into a full mute condition. The overall transition time is software selectable.It is possible to control the stereo decoder RDS AF update mute circuits (input impedance open switch(\"high ohmic mute\"), stereo decoder mute and PLL hold) from the audio processor soft mute.
5.5.3LOUDNESS FILTER
The TDA7514 features a loudness function made up by a 20 dB attenuator in 1 dB steps, a second orderLP filter with programmable corner frequency and a defeatable high pass filter with programmable cornerfrequency.
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The attenuator has been realized employing the \"soft step\" technique that reduces the audible DC click atthe speaker outputs by dividing the 1 dB step into several smaller-amplitude, longer duration transitions.5.5.4VOLUME CONTROL
The volume stage controls the level over a +15 dB..-79 dB + mute range in 1 dB steps. The volume atten-uator is also realized with the soft step circuitry.
5.5.5TREBLE FILTER
The treble filter consists of a second order resonating filter with programmable center frequency. Theboost/cut range is !15 dB in 1 dB steps.
5.5.6BASS FILTER
The bass filter consists of a second order resonating filter with programmable center frequency and qualityfactor. It is also possible to set and defeat the DC mode both in cut and in boost. The boost/cut range is!15 dB in 1 dB steps and the attenuator features the soft step circuitry.
5.5.7SPEAKER ATTENUATORS
The speaker attenuator driver circuit allows separate volume control for each of the four outputs. The levelis controlled over a +15 dB.. -79 dB + mute range in 1 dB steps with soft step.An output buffer provides DC shift to a typical 4V level and an AC gain of +4 dB.
The source of each speaker output circuit can be chose among the following configurations:–tone control output via external AC coupling (coupling shared by front and rear channels);–tone control output via internal DC coupling (coupling shared by front and rear channels);
–rear seat audio (only for rear channels).
It is furthermore possible to mix an external source (typically the chime source) on all the four outputs,selecting on which outputs the mixing must take place (any combination is allowed). The volume of themixing source cannot be changed internally.
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Table 75. TQFP80 Mechanical Data & Package Dimensions
mmMIN.AA1A2BCDD1D3eEE1E3LL1K0.450.051.350.220.0916.0014.0012.350.6516.0014.0012.350.601.000.750.0181.400.32TYP.MAX.1.600.151.450.380.200.0020.0530.0090.0030.6300.5510.2950.02560.6300.5510.4860.0240.03933.5°(min.), 7°(max.)0.0300.0550.013MIN.inchTYP.MAX.0.0630.0060.0570.0150.008DIM.OUTLINE ANDMECHANICAL DATATQFP80(14x14x1.40mm)DD1D3AA2A1606141400.10mm.004Seating PlaneeE3BE1EPIN 1IDENTIFICATIONGage plane0.25mm8012021KTQFP80LCLL172/74
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Table 76. Revision History
DateJune 2005
Revision
1
First Issue
Description of Changes
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Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequencesof use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is grantedby implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subjectto change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are notauthorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics.
The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics.All other names are the property of their respective owners
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