BEC初级精讲班第17讲讲义
The banking sector
Objectives: To learn to talk about banking services and changes with an Industry
To practise reading for gist and specific information To practise listening for specific information To raise awareness of -ing The banking revolution Reading 1 Key:
1 Warnings of redundancies 2 Reasons for reducing costs 3 New banking products 4 The future of banking Writing 2 Key:
The bank's plans Reasons for cutting costs Banking services Cut jobs Competition from supermarkets Telephone banking Close domestic branches and direct providers Smart cards Develop electronic Investment in IT PC banking banking Millennium bug
European monetary union 3 Key:
1 B 2 A 3 C 4 A Grammar 4
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Verb Noun Verb Noun
merge merger complete competition increase increase invest investment reduce reduction close closure cut cut develop development
Home banking Listening 1 请大家听2遍录音 Key:
How does it work?
Ring up, key in PIN number, choose the service and follow the instructions. Service available?
Check your balance, pay bills, order a statement, transfer money. What does it cost? It's a freephone number. When can I use it?
24 hours-a-day, seven days-a-week. Listening 2 请大家听2遍录音 Key:
Title Mr Last name Barnard First name John Peter
Address 24, Manor Road Winchester Postcode SO23 9DY
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Exam focus: Speaking
口语考试
一、 口语考试之前 1. 考试时间
口语考试是在周六的下午或周日举行。准考证上应该已经非常明确的写出来了,所以你在领取准考证时就应该知道了。 2. 考试形式
考试采用的是两个学生与两位中国考官的形式。 3. 考试签到
在考生进入考场之前,你应该凭身份证到候考室领取自己的口语考试评分卡(BEC Preliminary Speaking Mark Sheet),上面应该有你的姓名和考号。通常每个考点都会有几组考官同时进行口试,所以你这时会被候考室的老师指定到某一房间准备考试,同时老师还会为你找到一位考试时的搭档。这时你拿着评分卡到指定教室候考就可以了。 二、 步入考场
你何时可以走进口试考场是由考场中的老师示意进行的。当上一对考生走出房间后,你还不能进入考场。只有当口试考官示意你们进入后你们方可进入。
走进考场后,你会发现有一位老师坐地得离你们比较近,而还有一位老师会坐得比较远。坐在前面的老师负责操作整个考试的进行;而坐在较远处的老师则一言不发,静静地听你们的表现。 当你和同伴进入考场后,你会发现有两把椅子,你可以任意挑选一个位置坐下。从剑桥大学的口语题目设计上看对于谁先来回答问题做得非常公平,因为A、B两位考生被第一次提问的机会是均等的。
由于是两个人同时参加考试,所以大家不要对提给对方的问题掉以轻心,因为在题目设计上有很多题目都是用What about you? 或What do you think?这样的方式问出来的。
当你们落座后,考官首先会向大家问好,Good morning / afternoon,并会将自己的名字以及坐在后面听的那位考官的名字告诉给你们。然后老师会向你们索要评分卡,考官会说Could you give me your mark sheets? 这时大家应该将棕色的评分卡递给考官。 三、 考试评分
考试吧(Exam8.com)-第一个极力推崇人性化服务的专业考试培训网站! 提供历年试题,模拟试题,模拟盘,教程,专业课试题下载,考试培训等。每日更新!!! 操作考试的老师为两个学生分别打出两个总体印象分(Global Mark)。
坐在后面的老师为你们的语言从四个方面打分:Grammar and Vocabulary(语法和词汇), Discourse Management(语言控制), Pronunciation(发音),和 Interactive Communication(相互交流能力)。这以上共有五项内容,每一项内容打分从0分打到5分,其中还有半分。
由此大家可以发现在打分过程中,老师是不会在考生之间进行对比打分的;也不会因为你在某一道题目上的发挥而影响你最终的分数,而是通过你整个阶段的语言表现从四个方面进行评估。 所以这里要求大家不要因为某一个问题没有回答上来而感到灰心丧气,继续沉着作答,顺利完成考试。
如果考试时你有的题目没有听懂,这时一定要让考官给你再重复一遍,你可以说Can you repeat it please? 或 Could you say that again?
如果你有说得不对的地方,这时你是可以进行更正的,剑桥大学还是很看重语言修复能力的。但是如果你总是在修改就必然会影响你的连贯表达,所以做适当的修复,而一定要注意语言的流利度。
四、 口语考试的流程及应对指导
口语考试开始后共进行三个部分的考察。第一部分:考官与两位考生对于日常生活的话题进行交流。(2分钟)第二部分:由两位学生分别做长度为一分钟的讲话,话题会在考试中给出。(5分钟)第三部分:两名学生之间进行交流,后再由考官与两名进行交流。(5分钟) 第一部分:
在第一部分中可能会被问及的问题及答案指导: 1. What’s your name? 这里你要说出自己的全名。 My name is Miao Yongjin.
2. How do you spell your family name// first name?
如果碰到family name的话,那么就是让你拼写姓;如果说first name,就是拼写名。 My family name is Miao, M-I-A-O.
My first name is Yongjin, Y-O-N-G-J-I-N. 3. Where are you from?
这个问题是问你的籍贯,而不是你来自哪个学校或哪个区县。 I’m from Beijing (Shanghai/ Shandong / Guanzhou.) 4. Do you work or are you a student?
这是个选择疑问句,所以你不能说yes,而一定要给出适合你现在状况的一种答案来。 I work.// I am a student.
5. What do you like most about your job/studies? (why?)
你最喜欢你工作或学习中的什么方面?这个答案可以是喜欢某个方面,如果你不喜欢,你也可以说我不喜欢,同时你最好再答案的后面再具体说明原因。
I like my job because as a teacher I can be creative to think of as many ways as possible
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以上这5个问题是必问的,所以大家一定要充分准备。下面一些问题是在最近被考察过的话题,我们就当做练习来扩充大家的思路。 1. Advertising on TV
(1) Do you watch many television advertisements?
(2) Do television advertisements make you want to buy products? (3) What makes a television advertisement easy to remember?
(4) What do you think are the advantages(优点) for a company of advertising on television? 2. Communication
(1) How much do you use computers for your work/studies?
(2) Do you think companies should provide computer courses for their employees? (3) What do you think are the advantages of using a computer for work?
(4) Do you think there are any disadvantages (缺点)in using a computer for work? (5) What method of communication do you use most often at work/college? (6) Do you think communicating by letter is still important in business? (7) Are there any disadvantages in using e-mail for business communication?
(8) Do you think face-to-face communication will continue to be important in business? 3. Working with other people
(1) Can you describe someone you enjoy working/ studying with? (2) Do you think you are a good team member?
(3) What kind of work is it better to do together with other people? (4) What kind of work is best done alone? 4. The Workplace
(1) What is the room where you work/study like?
(2) What do you think is the most important thing about an office? (3) What do you think are the advantages of large open plan office? (4) In the future, what do you think offices will look like? 第二部分:
在第二部分,两个考生将要分开执行性质上相同但内容不同的任务。在第一部分结束时考官会说: Thank you. That’s the end of the first part of the test. In the next part you are each going to talk on your own.
I’m going to give each of you a card with 2 topics. I’d like you to choose one topic and talk about it for about a minute. You have one minute to prepare for this. You are allowed to make notes. Here are your topics.
这段话的意思是每个考生都会拿到一张有两个讨论话题的纸。你要从这两个话题中进行选择,选择其中之一谈论一分钟。在这之前两个学生都有一分钟的时间准备。同时在桌子上每人的面前还会有一张纸,供你做一些笔记。你肯定不能在一分钟之内写很多的东西,所以你写的内容只是提
考试吧(Exam8.com)-第一个极力推崇人性化服务的专业考试培训网站! 提供历年试题,模拟试题,模拟盘,教程,专业课试题下载,考试培训等。每日更新!!! 示性的短语而已。
假设你是B考生,这时在一分钟的时间里你首先要抉择这两个话题你觉得哪个更好说一些。话题A是关于在找工作中的三点重要因素;话题B是关于出差做飞机的重要因素。我的感觉是topic B
考试吧(Exam8.com)-第一个极力推崇人性化服务的专业考试培训网站! 提供历年试题,模拟试题,模拟盘,教程,专业课试题下载,考试培训等。每日更新!!! 更深一些,所以我会选择Topic A。
在决定好准备哪个话题之后,你就要想如何能将这三点都说到。
当一分钟时间到了之后,考官会让B考生先开始,并会问到Which topic have you chosen, A or B? 当你回答说是A后,考官就会把卡片上有关A的内容念出来:would you like to talk about what you think is important when looking for a new job? 参考答案:
When I look for a new job, the first factor I will take into consideration is the career opportunities. I think if the job can provide me with vast space to develop, then I would like to take it. Another important factor is the location. If the job is near where I live, I can definitely save a lot time on traveling and save my energy. It’s better if I can work from home. I don't think the possibility of making business trips is an important factor. I hate traveling especially by air. So if I look for a new job, I will take the above the first two factors into consideration.
如果你只说到其中的一点或两点,那么没有被涉及的问题老师还会以其他形式问你,比如你没有说到出差的可能性,老师就会问How important is the opportunity to make business trips?其实就是在问你你对第三点的看法是什么。再比如:Is the location important? // Are career opportunities the most important thing about a new job?等。
当B考生谈完自己的看法后,A考生可能正在冥思苦想自己的答案,而这时考官会针对刚才B的话题,问A:Which do you think is most important, career opportunities, location of job or possibility of making business trips? 这段文字全部出自刚才B考生的片子里,你可以听懂它,也可以看一些B考生的片子。其实答案并不要求你展开,你只要说出其中的一个短语就可以了。比如A考生可以说:I think career opportunities are the most important when looking for a new job.
这时考官会把任务留给A考生,重复上面的操作,问A选择哪个话题之后,A开始作答。记住一定要将三点都提到。之后B考生回被问及你的观点又是如何,你也不需要展开,只要找到一点重复一遍就可以了。
下面我再给大家两套卡片题供大家在课后进行口语练习。
CandidateA
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这一部分分为两个阶段,两个学生首先要进行2分钟的交流。考官会这样操作考试: Now, in this part of the test you are going to talk about something together. I’m going to describe a situation.
Your company has performed very well this year, and the managers want to thank all the staff. Talk together for about 2 minutes about ways of rewarding staff and decide which one is the best. (在两分钟的讨论过程中,你和你的同伴要将这些点都讨论到,之后你们还
考试吧(Exam8.com)-第一个极力推崇人性化服务的专业考试培训网站! 提供历年试题,模拟试题,模拟盘,教程,专业课试题下载,考试培训等。每日更新!!! 要做出决断哪一个方法是最好的。)
Here are some ideas to help you. (这时老师递给两位考生一张纸,上面会有文字性的提示或是图片形式的提示,放在桌子的中间,让两位考生能同时看到,方便后面的讨论。) Think about the ideas for a few seconds. (在重复的过程中给你们思考的时间,这部分是不会在给你们额外准备的时间了。)
I’ll just describe the situation again.
Your company has performed very well this year, and the managers want to thank all the staff. Talk together for about 2 minutes about ways of rewarding staff and decide which one is the best.
Now talk together. Please speak so that we can hear you.
在这部分的交流中你要注意一定要给对方机会。不要自己忘乎所以的高谈阔论,而对方连一句嘴都插不进来。你在非常善谈的情况下,一定要给对方留有机会,比如你可以说What do you think? // Do you think day trip or extra day’s holiday is a good way to reward all the staff?当对方说出自己的想法后,你还可以说I think so. // I agree with you.// Your idea sounds practical.
最后你还一定要记住要与对方就上述各点达成一个共识。Can we say that shares in the company is the most rewarding way for staff because it can really make every member of staff become the real owner of the company, thus stimulating their initiative and originality. Do you think so? B: Yes, I totally agree with you. It is the most rewarding way for staff if I am the manager.
这部分考试的后半部分是就刚才探讨的话题进行更深入的讨论,以期使考生的语言能力发挥到极限,从而给考生以一个客观正确的评估。以上面这道题为例,它的附加问题可能会是这样的: Is there any other reward you would like? (why?)
Is it important for all staff to receive the same type of reward? (Why/Why not?) What kind of place would be suitable for a company trip? (why?)
考试吧(Exam8.com)-第一个极力推崇人性化服务的专业考试培训网站! 提供历年试题,模拟试题,模拟盘,教程,专业课试题下载,考试培训等。每日更新!!! How important is it to reward staff for good work? (Why/ Why not?)
Should companies have a regular programme of social events for staff? (Why/ Why not?) 这些问题是按具体到抽象话题排列的。老师在提问时会选择其中的一个或两个,因为5分钟的时间会很紧张,所以1-2个问题就足以了。老师选择提问的对象往往是那些在上面讨论部分不积极的学生。所以你如果想争取主动,你就应该在上一个轮次的讨论中多说几句。
图例
下面我再给大家举一个以图表为提示的例子。大家可以在课后多做这样类型的口语训练,最好能为自己找一个搭档进行模拟考试的练习。 例二:
I’m going to describe a situation.
Your company is holding its annual seminar for all the sales representatives, and you are in charge of preparing the meeting room. Talk together for about 2 minutes about things you should provide, and decide which three things are the most important.
应试提示:
当你拿到的提示部分是以图片形式出现的话,你应该首先做到看懂题目中每一张图片所代表的含义,而且还应该会把它们转化成英文单词。比如在上面的图片中,为了举办这个年度销售代表的研讨会,给你提供了以上几个选择,即本、喝水的杯子、装饰用的花瓶已经台式电脑等。然后你就需要将他们的英文想出来,即notepads and pens, cups, vases and computers.在这之后,你就需要组织语言把需要他们的原因想出来,并且确定出三样最重要的物品来。 第二部分问题:
考试吧(Exam8.com)-第一个极力推崇人性化服务的专业考试培训网站! 提供历年试题,模拟试题,模拟盘,教程,专业课试题下载,考试培训等。每日更新!!! Do you think annual meetings for staff are useful? (Why/Why not?) What makes a meeting successful? (Why?)
What should the person who chairs a meeting do if some participants arrive late? (Why?) Do you say a lot at meetings? (Why / Why not?)
What are the best ways for companies to communicate with their staff? 例三:
I’m going to describe a situation.
The Managing Director of a large international company needs to appoint a new Personal Assistant. Talk together for about 2 minutes about two of the people who have applied for the post and decide which one would be more suitable.
第二部分问题:
If you interviewed a candidate, what question would you ask? (Why?) What makes someone a good personal assistant? (Why?)
Which do you think is more important when appointing staff, experience or willingness to learn? (Why?)
Is it better to have more than one interviewer at job interviews? (Why/Why not?)
考试吧(Exam8.com)-第一个极力推崇人性化服务的专业考试培训网站! 提供历年试题,模拟试题,模拟盘,教程,专业课试题下载,考试培训等。每日更新!!! What questions should applicants ask at interview? (Why?)
最后考试结束时,老师会说Thank you. That’s the end of the speaking test.这时你就可以离开考场了。你可以向老师说完Thank you.后走出考场。
下面我们看看课本怎么讲解的: How to succeed
本课中的听力资料在第二盘磁带。 Interactive communication
The examiners will pay attention to how well the students work together. Students need to ask polite, if possible indirect, questions and frame interactions with common courtesies.
Organisation of ideas
Students are expected to produce extended turns and use connectors. They have the chance to express opinions and justify them. Ss can use connectors such as because, but, also as well. Ss should also try to frame their answers with fluency phrases such as I think that, The best thing about X is…, What I really like about X is … . Grammar and vocabulary
Although marks are given for range, accuracy and appropriateness are more important. therefore, Ss should restrict themselves to grammar that they feel comfortable with. Before Part Three, the examiner will give Ss time to digest the input information. Ss should use this to quickly think of how to express their ideas. Pronunciation
The examiners will listen for the pronunciation of individual sounds, intonation and sentence stress. many Ss are nervous and launch unto answers only to hesitate and have to rethink in mid-sentence. A slightly slower, but natural, rhythm is better than a fast but disjointed delivery. Personal information Suggested answers:
Transport: Have you got a car? How do you get to work? Do you like travelling by train? Free time: What do you do in your free time? Do you play any sports? Do you have any hobbies?
Places to live: Where do you live? Do you live in a house? What is it like? Listening 3 Suggested answers:
考试吧(Exam8.com)-第一个极力推崇人性化服务的专业考试培训网站! 提供历年试题,模拟试题,模拟盘,教程,专业课试题下载,考试培训等。每日更新!!! Caroline
Does not listen carefully to questions(i.e. spells her Christian name, not surname). Often only gives one word answers (Have you travelled to other parts of England? Yes. Where did you go? Bath. Did you like Bath? Yes.) Cénéric
Does not listen carefully (almost copies Caroline's mistake and spells his first name).
Often only gives one word answers (Did you like Manchester? No.)
Does not think before he speaks ( I would like to visit Scotland. why would you like to visit Scotland? I don't know). Listening 4 Suggested answers Caroline
Answer questions correctly and gives fuller answers (Do you like living there? Yes, I do, it's a very nice place.)
Uses fluency phrases ( Especially because there are lots of mountains around so it's really good for sports. Oh I really would like to visit Africa). Cénéric
Give fuller answers ( Have you travelled to other parts of England? No I haven't, I only know London.)
Uses connectors in longer turns ( … because I appreciate the cosmopolitan side of London and I like going to …) Short talk
3 Suggested answers:
He starts well (Well, when choosing which airline to fly with I pay attention to price first.) but then digresses and talks about an experience he once had and does not cover all the points on the card. He loses his way towards the end.
He does use fluency phrases (The thing is …) but they are not always appropriate. He tries to use complex structures but these cause problems and spoil the flow. 4 Suggested answers:
Although she makes several language errors she addresses all three points on the card and keeps to the subject.
She gives good examples to illustrate her ideas and uses a variety of language to link them. (But if I can’t have the three things, I would probably put first … for example I would never … something we have to think about …) She gives a full answer to Cénéric’s question.
考试吧(Exam8.com)-第一个极力推崇人性化服务的专业考试培训网站! 提供历年试题,模拟试题,模拟盘,教程,专业课试题下载,考试培训等。每日更新!!! Collaborative task
In the collaborative task it is essential that Ss are able to react to each other and express their views on a subject.
Some potential foreign clients are visiting your company for the first time. Look at the pictures. Talk together for two minutes and decide which place would be the most suitable place to take them in the evening.
A – what other activities could you arrange for a potential client? B – Why is it important to socialize with potential clients? 2
Suggested answers: Caroline
Ignores Cénéric’s suggestions, does not respond to them, just puts forward her own ideas.
She misunderstands some of Cénéric’s questions but does not ask for clarification. Cénéric’s
After suggesting the football match he doesn’t make any other suggestions, just questions Caroline.
His questions are too direct ( How can you know that? Yes, but what is your idea?). 3
Suggested answers: Caroline
Asks Cénéric for his opinion ( I think … what do you think? What do you suggest?) Uses fluency phrases and connectors in longer turns ( … perhaps but it’s not … just to be in a … with a very famous play. It would be great, don’t worry about that.) Uses polite language to disagree (… but I’m not sure … is a good idea.) Cénéric
Uses more polite forms when disagreeing ( Don’t you think it’s a bit too basic…? What do you suggest then?)
Uses polite forms to make suggestions ( Shall we…? We could … what do you think?) Gives a full answer to the interlocutor’s question. Activity Sheet on page 132
1 A large company is going to provide English language training for its employees. Talk together for two minutes bout the different ways you could encourage people to attend and decide which two ways would be most effective.
A – Why is it important to provide training for employees?
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2 Your department is moving to a new floor in your building. Talk for together two minutes about the different equipment you would like to have in your new offices and decide which four items would be the most important.
A – Which item of office equipment causes you most problems in your job? B- Why is it important for an office to provide a drinks machine?
3 A company is sending three representatives to a Trade Fair. Talk together for two minutes about the possible reasons for choosing a hotel and decide which three things would be most important.
A – Should the company pay for you to stay in the best hotels? B – Why are trade fairs important?
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