Windows2008 集群配置
目录
1设置网络........................................................................................................................................ 2
1.1重命名局域网图标 ............................................................................................................. 2 1.2配置专用网络适配器 ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3配置公用网络适配器 ......................................................................................................... 5 2.设置域控制器 ................................................................................................................................ 6
2.1新建一个域控制器 ............................................................................................................. 6 2.2设置集群用户帐户 ............................................................................................................. 7 2.3配置DNS ............................................................................................................................. 8 2.4加入域................................................................................................................................. 9 3．配置节点................................................................................................................................... 10
3.1 Adding Windows Server 2008 Application Server Role .................................................... 10 3.2 Adding the Failover Cluster Feature ................................................................................. 15 3.3 Running the Windows Server 2008 Validate Cluster Configuration ................................. 19 3.4 Configuring your cluster quorum ...................................................................................... 24 4.集群测试...................................................................................................................................... 29
环境：windows server 2008 R2 Itanium Based system；共享存储（共享仲裁盘Q，
共享数据盘S）；至少两块网卡；域环境。
1设置网络
每个群集节点至少需要包含两个网络适配器，其中一个网络适配器用于连接到公用网络，而另一个则用于连接到仅由群集节点组成的专用网络。
专用网络适配器用于执行节点对节点的通信、群集状态信息和群集管理。每个节点的公用网络适配器都将群集连接到客户端所在的公用网络，并应配置为内部群集通信的后备路由。要实现这些操作，应该将群集服务的这些网络角色配置为“只用于内部群集通信”或“所有通信”。
1.1重命名局域网图标
建议您更改网络连接的名称，以便清楚地进行识别。 ·单击开始，指向控制面板，右击网络连接，然后单击打开 ·右击本地连接 2 图标 ·单击重命名
·在文本框中键入 Private，然后按 ENTER 键
·重复以上步骤，然后将公用网络适配器重命名为 Public
1.2配置专用网络适配器
·右击您的心跳适配器对应的网络连接，然后单击“属性”。
·在“常规”选项卡上，确认仅选定了“Internet协议（TCP/IP）”复选框，如下方图1所示。点击清除所有其它客户端、服务和协议的复选框。
图1
·如果您拥有一个能够以不同速度进行传输的网络适配器，那么您应该手动指定一个速度及双工模式。不要对传输速度应用自动选择设置，因为某些适配器在确定速度时可能丢掉一些数据包。打开“配置”修改设置
图2
图3
·单击“Internet协议（TCP/IP）”，然后单击“属性”。在“常规”选项卡上确认您选择的静态IP地址与其它任何公用网络适配器不在相同的子网或网络上。 ·对专用适配器应用一个较好的IP地址的范例是：将节点1的地址设为10.1.1.1，将节点2的地址设为10.1.1.2，同时将子网掩码设为255.255.255.0，如下方图4所示。确认该IP地址方案与应用于公用网络的IP地址方案完全不同。
图4
·确认未在“默认网关”方框中，或者在“使用下列DNS服务器地址”下方，
定义了任何值。 ·单击“高级”按钮。
·在“ DNS”选项卡上，确认未定义任何值。同时确认清除了“在DNS中注册此连接的地址”和“在DNS注册中使用此连接的DNS后缀”复选框。 ·在“WINS”选项卡上，确认未定义任何值。单击“禁用TCP/IP上的NetBIOS”，如下方图5所示。
图5
·当关闭了该对话框，您可能接收到如下提示：“此连接拥有一个空白的主WINS地址。您想继续吗？”如果您收到了该提示，单击“是”。
1.3配置公用网络适配器
集群只支持静态IP地址，不支持DHCP动态地址。例如
节点1 IP地址 子网掩码 默认网关 主用DNS 备用DNS
节点2 IP地址 子网掩码 默认网关 主用DNS 备用DNS 域控IP地址 域控IP地址
检查连接连通性（ping）
2.设置域控制器
集群所有节点必须是域成员，本次安装的windows server 2008 R2 Itanium Based system版本不支持域控，因此需客户提供windows 2003 企业版的PC来做域控
2.1新建一个域控制器
可以手动安装域名服务 (DNS) 和 DCPromo（创建 DNS 和 Active Directory 的命令行工具），也可以使用“Windows Server 2003 管理服务器”向导进行安装。本节使用手动工具来完成安装。
使用手动工具安装 DNS 和 Active Directory（不同版本过程略有不同）
1. 单击“开始”按钮，单击“运行”，键入“DCPROMO”，然后单击“确定”。 2. 在出现“Active Directory 安装向导”时，单击“下一步”开始安装。 3. 阅读“操作系统兼容性”信息后，单击“下一步”。 4. 选择“新域的域控制器”（默认），然后单击“下一步”。 5. 选择“在新林中的域”（默认），然后单击“下一步”。
6. 对于“DNS 全名”，键入“XXS.COM”，然后单击“下一步”。（这表示一
个完全限定的名称。）
7. 单击“下一步”，接受将“ISMXXS”作为默认“域 NetBIOS 名”。（NetBIOS
名称提供向下兼容性。）
8. 在“数据库和日志文件文件夹”屏幕上，将 Active Directory“日志文件文件
夹”指向“C:\\Windows\\NTDS”，然后单击“下一步”继续。 9. 保留“共享的系统卷”的默认文件夹位置，然后单击“下一步”。 10. 在“DNS 注册诊断”屏幕上，单击“在这台计算机上安装并配置 DNS 服务
器”。单击“下一步”继续。
11. 选择“只与 Windows 2000 或 Windows Server 2003 操作系统兼容的权
限”（默认），然后单击“下一步”。
12. 在“还原模式密码”和“确认密码”中，键入密码，然后单击“下一步”继
续。
注意：在生产环境中，应使用复杂的目录服务还原密码。
图6 Active Directory 安装选项摘要
13. 图6中显示的是“Active Directory 安装选项摘要”。单击“下一步”开始安
装 Active Directory。在出现提示时，请插入 Windows Server 2003 安装 CD。 14. 单击“确定”，对已为 DNS 服务器动态分配了 IP 地址这一提示信息作出
确认。
15. 在“Active Directory 安装向导”完成后，单击“完成”。 16. 单击“立即重新启动”以重新启动计算机。
2.2设置集群用户帐户
·单击“开始”，指向“所有程序”，指向“管理工具”，然后单击“活动目录用户和计算机”。 ·如果域还未展开，单击加号（+）将其展开。 ·右击“用户”，指向“新建”，然后单击“用户”。 ·键入账号名称，如下方图7所示，然后单击“下一步”。
图7
1.将密码设置设定为“用户不能更改密码”和“密码永不过期”。单击“下一步”，然后单击“完成”创建该用户。 2.单击“将成员添加到组”。
3.单击“管理员”，然后单击“确定”。这将给予新用户帐户在该计算机上的管理特权。
4.退出“活动目录用户和计算机”插件。
2.3配置DNS
在正向查找区域中添加主机两个节点
2.4加入域
首先要将节点DNS设置成域控的ip地址，在hosts文件中加入域控的解析 查看是够能PING通DNS
将两个节点加入域中（过程省略）
3．配置节点
3.1 Adding Windows Server 2008 Application Server Role
Since we will be installing SQL Server 2008 later on, we will have to add the Application Server role on both of the nodes. A server role is a program that allows Windows Server 2008 to perform a specific function for multiple clients within a network. To add the Application Server role,
1. Open the Server Manager console and select Roles.
2. Click the Add Roles link. This will run the Add Roles Wizard
3. In the Select Server Roles dialog box, select the Application Server
checkbox. This will prompt you to add features required for Application Server role. Click Next.
4. In the Application Server dialog box, click Next.
5. In the Select Role Services dialog box, select Incoming Remote
Transactions and Outgoing Remote Transactions checkboxes. These options will be used by MSDTC. Click Next
6. In the Confirm Installation Selections dialog box, click Install. This will
go thru the process of installing the Application Server role
7. In the Installation Results dialog box, click Close. This completes the
installation of the Application Server role on the first node. You will have to repeat this process for the other server
3.2 Adding the Failover Cluster Feature
Windows Server 2008 calls them features which are simply software programs that can support or augment the functionality of server roles. Since we've already installed the Application Server role in our server, let's define a feature from this perspective: failover clustering simply augments the role as an application server by making it highly available. It is disabled by default, unlike in Windows Server 2003 so we need to add it on both of the servers that will form a part of our cluster. To add the Failover Clustering feature:
1. Open the Server Manager console and select Features.
2. Click the Add Features link. This will run the Add Features Wizard
3. In the Select Features dialog box, select the Failover Clustering
checkbox and click Next.
4. In the Confirm Installation Selections dialog box, click Install to confirm
the selection and proceed to do the installation of the Failover Clustering feature.
5. In the Installation Results dialog box, click Close. This completes the
installation of the Failover Clustering feature on the first node.
That's how simple and easy it is to add the Failover Clustering feature in Windows Server 2008. You will have to do this on both nodes to complete the process. Once you have managed to install the Failover Cluster Feature on both nodes, we can proceed to validate our servers if they are ready for clustering.
3.3 Running the Windows Server 2008 Validate Cluster Configuration
Unlike in previous versions of Windows where Microsoft had some sort of a hardware compatibility list (HCL) from which we had to find and select components tested to be clustering-supported, this wizard is like the “seal” that tells you whether or not the hardware you are using is supported. In fact, Microsoft has partnered with hardware vendors to create the Failover Cluster Configuration Program to make the acquisition of hardware for Windows Server 2008 Failover Clustering very easy and simple. Basically, your hardware will be supported for clustering if it meets these two requirements: the server has a “Certified for Windows Server 2008” logo and it passes this wizard.
One word of caution: do not skip any error message that this wizard generates in the final report. Doing so would simply mean that your configuration going forward will be unsupported. You only need to run this wizard on either of the nodes. To run the Validate Cluster Configuration Wizard:
1. Open the Failover Cluster Management console
2. Under the Management section, click the Validate a Configuration link.
This will run the Validate a Configuration Wizard
3. In the Select Servers or a Cluster dialog box, enter the hostnames of the
nodes that you want to add as members of your cluster and click Next.
4. In the Testing Options dialog box, click Next to run all the necessary tests
to validate whether or not the nodes are OK for clustering. If this is the first time to run the wizard, you must run all the tests for validation. For succeding runs, especially when adding hardware like disk subsystems ot network cards on your cluster nodes, you can selectively choose which tests to run as long as you have initially validated your hardware by running all tests.
5. In the Confirmation dialog box, click Next. This will run all the necessary
validation tests.
6. In the Summary dialog box, verify that all the report returns successful.
3.4 Configuring your cluster quorum
This section is sometimes necessary especially when Windows Server 2008 decides to take a different disk subsystem as a quorum other than the one you've originally intended it to. Notice that in the Create a Cluster wizard, there was no option to select the disk subsystem that we can use as a quorum disk (now called the \"witness\" disk). By default, the Create a Cluster wizard will use the first available disk as the witness disk. To validate, check the Storage node under the Failover Cluster Management console
To configure the quorum in a failover cluster:
1. Open the Failover Cluster Management console
2. Select the name of the cluster you have just created. Right-click on the
cluster, select More Actions, and click Configure Cluster Quorum Settings... This will open up the Configure Cluster Quorum Wizard
3. In the Select Quorum Configuration dialog box, select the Node and
Disk Majority (recommended for your current number of nodes) option. The options presented will depend on how you want your cluster configured. The current selection is for a 2-node cluster configuration
4. In the Configure Storage Witness dialog box, validate and select the disk
that you want your cluster to use as the quorum/witness disk. Click Next
5. In the Confirmation dialog box, verify that the disk configuration for the
quorum/witness disk is correct. Click Next
6. In the Summary dialog box, verify that all the configurations are successful. For more details on Configuring the Quorum in a Failover Cluster in Windows Server 2008, check out this Microsoft TechNet article.
4.集群测试
由于本次项目实施windows2008的服务器只是安装一些应用程序，而且程序都很小，没有什么数据，西安站只是将程序安装在共享的数据盘上，重启一个节点，另一个节点能自动接管共享磁盘，就可以实现两台服务器应用的切换。
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