专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷262 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有： 3. LANGUAGE USAGE
PART III LANGUAGE USAGE
Are you considering traveling to a native English speaking country to improve your English languages skills at a language school in the USA? Learning a foreign language can be helpful in your career. Nowadays many companies offer on-site assignmentsabroad but then it is always better to know the language【S1】______of the country you are traveling.【S2】______ Staying abroad also becomes easier with the knowledge of the local language in day to day life. You can easily converse with people if you need information about food, hotels, calling cards,sightseeing, etc. However, it is always advisable to learn at【S3】______most one foreign language.【S4】______ America established itself as a mind-blowing continent wheredreams and fantasies transpire and elevate, while offer outstanding【S5】______opportunities to learn the English language. Figures taken from the2002 census indicates that 82. 1% of citizens in the USA speak【S6】______English only. Not only is the USA overflowing with adventure, butconsider how it accelerates the economic markets. Why not to learn【S7】______a foreign language in our English classes and discover how this metropolis of leading stock markets makes the world go round. The USA is brimming with English language schools of excellent qualityof their English classes and services from state to state, with a【S8】______friendly face waiting to welcome you and teach you English【S9】______Language. Consider the complexity of everything the USA offers; from the sun splashed beaches of the Pacific or Atlantic Ocean wit crystal clear waters, to the soaring Rocky Mountain Range, encounter all ofthis while being immerse in the sea of multiculturalism when【S10】______choosing the USA as your destination to improve your English language skills.
1． 【S1】
正确答案：but—and
解析：连词误用。该处连词前后句的意思分别是“现在很多公司提供去国外学习当地语言的课程”和“了解你要去的国家的语言会更好”。这两句话的逻辑关系是顺承，而不是转折，故将but改为and。 知识模块：改错
2． 【S2】
正确答案：traveling∧一to
解析：介词缺失。travel是不及物动词，其后需加上介词to才能接宾语，故在traveling后加上to。 知识模块：改错
3． 【S3】
正确答案：However—Therefore
解析：衔接副词误用。该处衔接副词前后句的意思分别是“如果你想了解有关食品、酒店、电话卡、旅游观光等方面的信息，你可以轻松地与外国人交流”和“至少学习一门外语是可取的”。这两句话在逻辑上是因果关系，且衔接副词后有逗号，故将However改为Therefore。 知识模块：改错
4． 【S4】
正确答案：most—least
解析：语义错误。通过上下文语境可知，该处句意为“至少学习一门外语是可取的”。at least是“至少”，而at most是“至多”，故将most改为least。 知识模块：改错
5． 【S5】
正确答案：offer一offering
解析：动词形式错误。这里while的意思是“同时，当……的时候”，其后为省略了主语和be动词的现在分词结构，故将offer改为offering。 知识模块：改错
6． 【S6】
正确答案：indicates—indicate
解析：主谓不一致。该句的主语为figures“数字，数据”，其为复数形式，谓语动词也应该用复数形式，故将indicates改为indicate。 知识模块：改错
7． 【S7】
正确答案：to一去掉to
解析：动词不定式符号to冗余。why not do sth．是表示建议的句型，意思是“为什么不……”，not后接动词原形，故将动词不定式符号to去掉。 知识模块：改错
8． 【S8】
正确答案：their—its
解析：代词误用。该句的主语为the USA，其为单数形式，物主代词应该用its，故将their改为its。 知识模块：改错
9． 【S9】
正确答案：∧English—the
解析：冠词缺失。English单独使用时，意思是“英语”，为专有名词，前面不加冠词。但是当其后有language时，其为形容词，修饰后面的名词language，应该用the来限定，故前面加上定冠词the。 知识模块：改错
10． 【S10】
正确答案：the—a
解析：冠词误用。in a sea of…的意思是“在……的海洋中”，表示泛指，故将the改为不定冠词a。 知识模块：改错
To a comparative educationalist many questions about the selection and training of doctors and lawyers in different countries are questions almost without meaning. Asking whether Europeanschools are better than schools in the United States are like asking a【S1】______comparative anatomist whether a whale is a better mammal than an elephant. The comparative anatomist is interested in examining the similarities and differences to be found in animal or plant organswhich carry on the same function; he is very cautious,【S2】______therefore, about proclaiming the virtues of a device found in one【S3】______particular species over a device for a similar purpose found in other.【S4】______Of course, the anatomist knows that mammals are modified onlyslowly by changes in environment; like schools or colleges, no man-【S5】______made decisions will radically alter the structure of the functioning organism he is examining. Some will argue that this damages my analogy; they may claimthat the essence of human organizations lies in the fact conscious【S6】______acts of men and women can change them, and as history shows, overnight if need be. “ But wait a moment, “ the student of the comparative anatomy of schools will say, “ not overnight surely, except at the point of a bayonet or in our time under the shadow of armored vehicles and tanks. “ And such changes, he will argue, are the equivalent of pathological alterations.【S7】______ History shows that, except in conditions of threat brought about【S8】______by external forces, schools and colleges have developed gradually indifferent parts of the world in response to variety of different【S9】______conditions. They are a product of the society they serve for and they【S10】______also influence the future of this society.
11． 【S1】
正确答案：第二个are—is
解析：主谓不一致。该句的主语为Asking…，其为动名词结构，视为单数，谓语动词应该用单数形式，故将are改为is。 知识模块：改错
12． 【S2】
正确答案：on—out
解析：介词误用。carry out的意思是“实现，完成，执行”，而carry on的意思是“从事，继续进行”，根据后面出现的名词function，可知短语carry out符合句意，故将on改为out。 知识模块：改错
13． 【S3】
正确答案：therefore—however
解析：衔接副词误用。根据上文中的interested in和下文中的cautious可知，此处应用一个表示转折的衔接词，且其前后均有逗号，故将therefore改为however。 知识模块：改错
14． 【S4】
正确答案：other—another
解析：代词误用。another的意思是“又一个，另一个”，而other表示“(两个中的)另一个”，文中并没有给出限定范围，故将代词other改为another。 知识模块：改错
15． 【S5】
正确答案：like—unlike
解析：语义错误。根据上文提到的mammals are modified only slowly by changes in environment“哺乳动物的缓慢演变只受到环境变化的影响”可知，该处句意是“与学校不同，解剖学家所研究的机体并不受人为因素的影响”。此处指生物和学校并不一样，故将like改为unlike。 知识模块：改错
16． 【S6】
正确答案：fact∧一that
解析：从句引导词缺失。fact后面为同位语从句，应该由that来引导，故在fact后加上that。 知识模块：改错
17． 【S7】
正确答案：equivalent—equivalents
解析：名词单复数错误。由于前面的主语changes及系动词are均为复数形式，后面的表语也应该为复数名词，故将equivalent改为equivalents。 知识模块：改错
18． 【S8】
正确答案：in—under
解析：固定搭配中的介词误用。under conditions of为固定搭配，意思是“在……的情况下”，故将介词in改为under。 知识模块：改错
19． 【S9】
正确答案：∧variety—a
解析：冠词缺失。a variety of是固定搭配，意思是“各种各样的……”，故在variety前面加上不定冠词a。 知识模块：改错
20． 【S10】
正确答案：for一去掉for
解析：介词冗余。serve为及物动词，其后不需接介词，故将for去掉。 知识模块：改错
The United States is considered a multilingual country but it has never employed an official language policy. Even though English is clearly the dominant language, a variety of indigenous and immigrant languages are also spoken. The framers of the Constitution purposefully decided not to select an official languagebecause of present linguistic diversity; however, due to the German【S1】______community’s active involvement in the Revolution, the Continental Congress published many documents in German to facilitatecommunication. Ultimately, the official language was never【S2】______specified in the U. S. Constitution. Proponents of bilingual education felt that poor academicachievement in certain students was attributed in part to insufficient【S3】______English instruction. They believed that because language-minority【S4】______students were taught some subjects in their native tongue, thenthese students could potentially learn English by sacrificing the【S5】______content. Critics of bilingual education argue that this approach of instruction facilitates native language dependency and ultimately deters their progress in English language acquisition. Bilingual advocates counter this argument in stating that bilingual instruction looks at deeper issues of cultural difference and prevents the sort of alienation often empowering in “English only” mandates.【S6】______ The issue of bilingual education is both complicated and controversial. The range of programs, as well as the differentmeanings in different states, complicate the debate. The debate【S7】______continues and all sides offer research and studies that are【S8】______diametrically opposed to one another. In 1998, California voters overwhelmingly approved Proposition 227, an initiative thatbasically in attempts to eliminate bilingual education from its public【S9】______schools’. The state of Arizona has mustered a different sentiment and【S10】______Mayor Giuliani of New York City has established a task force to investigate bilingual programs and the possibility of English immersion programs.
21． 【S1】
正确答案：∧present—the
解析：冠词缺失。该句中present linguistic diversity意为“目前语言的多样性”，表示特指，其前需要加定冠词the来起到限定作用。 知识模块：改错
22． 【S2】
正确答案：the—an
解析：冠词误用。official language的意思是“官方语言”，此处并非特指，故将定冠词the改为an。 知识模块：改错
23． 【S3】
正确答案：第一个in—among
解析：介词误用。poor academic achievement的意思是“糟糕的学业成绩”，后文想表达的意思是“在学生当中”，在多者之中应该用介词among，故将in改为among。 知识模块：改错
24． 【S4】
正确答案：because—if
解析：连词误用。根据上下文语义可知，该句表达的是后文情况发生的一种条件，意思是“如果讲少数民族语言的学生能够用母语学习一些学科，那么他们就可以在不影响听课内容的同时学会英语。”此为条件状语从句而非原因状语从句，故将连词because改为if。 知识模块：改错
25． 【S5】
正确答案：by—without
解析：介词误用。该句的意思是“那么他们就可以在不影响听课内容的同时学会英语”。without的意思是“没有……”，by的意思是“通过……”，故将by改为without。 知识模块：改错
26． 【S6】
正确答案：empowering—empowered
解析：非谓语动词误用。alienation和empower之间为动宾关系，过去分词作后置定语表示被动含义，故将empowering改为empowered。 知识模块：改错
27． 【S7】
正确答案：complicate一complicates
解析：主谓不一致。该句的主语为the range of programs，中心词range为单数名词，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，故将complicate改为complicates。 知识模块：改错
28． 【S8】
正确答案：all—both
解析：语义错误。根据上文意思可知，存在着两个派别，此处表示“双方”，而all意为“全部的，所有的”，表示三者或三者以上，故将all改为both。 知识模块：改错
29． 【S9】
正确答案：in一去掉in
解析：介词冗余。initiative后面由that引导的定语从句缺少谓语，attempt to do sth．为常用短语，意思是“试图做某事”，故将前面的介词in去掉。 知识模块：改错
30． 【S10】
正确答案：different—similar
解析：语义错误。根据上下文语义可知，美国亚利桑那州也提出了相似的观点，故将different改为similar。 知识模块：改错
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