第4期 潘安定等:柴达木盆地与珠江三角洲地区晚第四纪气候变化比较研究 剧了第四纪时期冰期寒冷气候影响的强度. 另外,寒冷时期和冬季柴达木下垫面特点也有巨大的 中温带、北温带,由热带季风气候转变为大陆性高原气候. 第四纪冰期开始的过程由高纬向低纬逐渐扩展,变化强度 逐渐减弱,造成环境的纬向分异十分明显.末次冰期以来 影响.地面积雪较大的反射作用减少了地表对太阳辐射能 两地的自然地带都有迁移.柴达木地区的自然地带性环境 量的吸收,对气候加剧了气候变冷的强度,使得柴达木地 应有相当于5—7个纬度的变异 ,而珠江三角洲的自然 区的气候变化幅度大于珠江三角洲地区. 地带只南移2个纬度 . 地形地势的影响也十分主要.柴达木盆地海拔从 比较多种原因造成的两地第四纪时期气候演变过程 的强烈反差,可为研究和对比我国晚第四纪时期从西北到 2 650~2 800 in的盆地中部到其周边3 500—5 500 in的高 东南气候演变过程特点提供参考和借鉴.上述初步认识虽 原山地,其间高差达900—1 700 in.正是由于较高的海拔 然不足以表达柴达木盆地与珠江三角洲在末次冰期以来 高度和明显的地形差异,使地层中记录的生态环境演变过 发展变化的全过程,但两地的气候波动变化、进退迁徒、突 程为研究第四纪气候变迁提供了清晰、可靠的依据.而珠 发事件的对比在一定程度上反映或代表中国大陆上环境 江三角洲的低海拔和较平坦的地形特点使两地的环境变 演变的普遍特征.进一步深入研究和比较两地的古环境变 迁过程对比更为明显. 化特征,对于全面了解末次冰期以来中国大陆环境变化的 具体状况,重建古环境发展历史,针对未来环境变迁与自 然灾害趋势制定对策具有重要意义. 同时,距海远近也使得气候差异更为突出.珠江三角 洲濒临南海,湿润的南亚热带季风气候更加明显地削弱了 冷暖气候变化的差异.柴达木盆地干旱的大陆性气候则加 参考文献: [1]姚檀栋.Thompson L G.敦德冰芯记录与过去5 ka温度变化[J].中国科学(B辑),1992,10:1 089—1 093. 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[17]黄镇国,张伟强.中国热带晚第四纪冷波动的地带性探讨[Jj.地理与地理信息科学,2007,23(1):73—78. HUANG Zhen—guo,ZHANG Wei—qiang.The zonation of cooling lfuctuation during Late Quaternary in China’s tropics[J]. Geogr Geo—Infor Sci,2007,23(1):73—78. A comparison on the climate evolution between the Qaidam Basin and Pearl River Delta since the Late Quaternary PAN An—ding,YANG Mu—zhuang,WANG Zhi一)zing (School of Geographical Sciences,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China.) Abstract:The climates both in the Qaidam Basin and the Pear1 River Delta presented cycle characteristic of cold and warm lfuctuation since the Late Quaternary.The climate change caused relevant environmental evolu— tion.But the ages of each stage at the two regions were completely different.The temperature dropping times of Qaidam Basin were obviously earlier than that in the Pearl River Delta region.the dropping scales were obvious. The Holocene Megathermalre existed in the two regions,but the latitudinal and longitudinal differences were ob— vious.It reflected and represented the widespread characteristics of the environmenta1 evolution in the China continent,such as the climate fluctuations,advance and retreat of the physical geographic zones and the out— burst events. Key words:the Late Quaternary;paleoclimatic change;the Qaidam Basin;The Pearl River Delta;paleoenvir。 onmenta1 contrast 【责任编辑:方碧真】
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